Method Article

Lineaire versterking Mediated PCR - Lokalisatie van genetische elementen en karakterisering van Onbekende flankerend DNA

DOI:

10.3791/51543

June 25th, 2014

In This Article

Summary

Loading...
$$\rightleftharpoonup{xx}$$ $$\longleftharp{xx}$$, $$\longrightharp{xx}$$,

Lineaire amplificatie-gemedieerde (LAM)-PCR is een methode ontwikkeld om de exacte positie van integratie virale vectoren in het genoom te identificeren. De techniek heeft zich ontwikkeld tot de superieure methode om klonale dynamiek in gentherapie patiënten, bioveiligheid van nieuwe vector technologieën, diversiteit T-cel, kanker stamcellen modellen, enz. te bestuderen

Abstract

Loading...
$$\rightleftharpoonup{xx}$$ $$\longleftharp{xx}$$, $$\longrightharp{xx}$$,

Linear-amplification mediated PCR (LAM-PCR) has been developed to study hematopoiesis in gene corrected cells of patients treated by gene therapy with integrating vector systems. Due to the stable integration of retroviral vectors, integration sites can be used to study the clonal fate of individual cells and their progeny. LAM- PCR for the first time provided evidence that leukemia in gene therapy treated patients originated from provirus induced overexpression of a neighboring proto-oncogene. The high sensitivity and specificity of LAM-PCR compared to existing methods like inverse PCR and ligation mediated (LM)-PCR is achieved by an initial preamplification step (linear PCR of 100 cycles) using biotinylated vector specific primers which allow subsequent reaction steps to be carried out on solid phase (magnetic beads). LAM-PCR is currently the most sensitive method available to identify unknown DNA which is located in the proximity of known DNA. Recently, a variant of LAM-PCR has been developed that circumvents restriction digest thus abrogating retrieval bias of integration sites and enables a comprehensive analysis of provirus locations in host genomes. The following protocol explains step-by-step the amplification of both 3’- and 5’- sequences adjacent to the integrated lentiviral vector.

Introduction

Loading...
$$\rightleftharpoonup{xx}$$ $$\longleftharp{xx}$$, $$\longrightharp{xx}$$,

Lineaire amplificatie-gemedieerde PCR (LAM-PCR) kan identificeren en karakteriseren onbekende flankerende DNA grenzend aan bekende DNA van elke oorsprong. Meer specifiek heeft LAM-PCR ontwikkeld om virale vector integratielocaties lokaliseren (IS) binnen het gastheergenoom 1,2. Genetische elementen zoals retrovirussen of transposons integreren hun genoom in het genoom van de gastheer in een (semi-) willekeurige wijze 3-6. In veel gevallen is beslissend precies de positie waar deze vectoren geïntegreerd kennen. LAM-PCR is bewezen superieur aan andere technieken zoals ligatie-gemedieerde PCR 7 en varianten of inverse PCR 8 zi....

Access restricted. Please log in or start a trial to view this content.

Protocol

Loading...
$$\rightleftharpoonup{xx}$$ $$\longleftharp{xx}$$, $$\longrightharp{xx}$$,

1. Bereiding van Linker Cassettes (LC)

  1. Meng 40 pl LC1 oligonucleotide (tabel 1), 40 pl LC2 oligonucleotide (tabel 1, met de juiste restrictie-enzym overhang), 110 pl Tris-HCl (100 mM, pH 7,5) en 10 pi 250 mM MgCl2.
  2. Incubeer bij 95 ° C gedurende 5 minuten en laat het reactiemengsel langzaam afkoelen tot kamertemperatuur. Voeg 300 ul H2O en concentreer dsLinker-DNA op een centrifugatie filter. Voeg 80 ui H2O het eluaat en 10 pi aliquot van bereide linker cassette 0,2 PCR buizen.

2. Preamplification van Vector Genome Knooppunten

  1. Voor elke....

Access restricted. Please log in or start a trial to view this content.

Results

Loading...
$$\rightleftharpoonup{xx}$$ $$\longleftharp{xx}$$, $$\longrightharp{xx}$$,

LAM-PCR resulteert in amplificatie van vector genoom kruispunten met een bepaald fragment grootte voor elke kruising. De afzonderlijke PCR-fragmenten afhankelijk van de afstand tussen de locatie van de bekende DNA in het genoom en de dichtstbijzijnde restrictie-enzym herkenningsplaats. Dit maakt het visualiseren van de diversiteit van geamplificeerde verbindingen in monsters geanalyseerd door gelelektroforese zoals. Als eenmalig (monoklonale), verscheidene (oligoclonale), of meervoudige (polyklonale) groepen aa.......

Access restricted. Please log in or start a trial to view this content.

Discussion

Loading...
$$\rightleftharpoonup{xx}$$ $$\longleftharp{xx}$$, $$\longrightharp{xx}$$,

Het LAM-PCR-techniek maakt het identificeren van onbekende DNA-sequenties die een bekende DNA regio flankeren. Vanwege de hoge gevoeligheid gevolg van voorversterking van de verbindingen met specifieke primers hybridiseren bij de bekende DNA-sequentie, is het mogelijk amplificeren en detecteren zelfs zeldzame verbindingen naar de enkele cel. Integendeel, een polyklonaal situatie LAM-PCR kan duizenden verschillende knooppunten amplificeren in een enkele reactie.

Echter, door het gebruik van r.......

Access restricted. Please log in or start a trial to view this content.

Disclosures

Loading...
$$\rightleftharpoonup{xx}$$ $$\longleftharp{xx}$$, $$\longrightharp{xx}$$,

The authors have nothing to disclose.

Acknowledgements

Loading...
$$\rightleftharpoonup{xx}$$ $$\longleftharp{xx}$$, $$\longrightharp{xx}$$,

Funding was provided by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SPP1230, grant of the Tumor Center Heidelberg/Mannheim), by the Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (iGene), by the VIth + VIIth Framework Programs of the European Commission (CONSERT, CLINIGENE and PERSIST). We thank Ina Kutschera for demonstrating the protocol technique in the video.

....

Access restricted. Please log in or start a trial to view this content.

Materials

List of materials used in this article
NameCompanyCatalog NumberComments
Taq DNA PolymeraseGenaxxon Bioscience GmbHM3001.5000Alternative Taq Polymerases may be used
PCR BufferQiagen201203Use of this buffer is recommended
dNTP-MixtureGenaxxon Bioscience GmbHM3015.4020or any other dNTPs
Oligonucleotides (Primers)MWG BiotechHPLC purified
Dynabeads M-280 Streptavidin Invitrogen11206D
PBSGibco14190-0860.1% wt/vol BSA
6 M LiClRoth3739.110 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.5)/1 mM EDTA
Tris-HCl, pH 7.5USB Corporation 22637or any other supplier
EDTAApplichemA1103,0250or any other supplier
Klenow PolymeraseRoche Diagnostics10104523001
Hexanucleotide mixtureRoche Diagnostics11277081001
Restriction endonucleaseNEBor any other supplier
Fast-Link DNA ligation kitEpicentre BiotechnologiesLK11025
CircLigase ssDNA Ligase KitEpicentre BiotechnologiesCL4111K
NaOHSigma-Aldrich72068or any other supplier
Agarose LERoche Diagnostics11685660001or any other supplier
TBE bufferAmresco0658or any other supplier
Ethidium bromideApplichemA2273,0005Ethidium bromide is mutagenic
100 bp DNA LadderInvitrogen15628-050or any other DNA ladder
20 mM NaClSigma-Aldrich71393-1Lor any other supplier
Magna-Sep Magnetic Particle Separator Life TechnologiesK158501for use with 1.5 ml Tubes
Magna-Sep Magnetic Particle SeparatorLife TechnologiesK158696for use with 96-well plates
Amicon Ultra-0.5, Ultracel-30 membraneMilliporeUFC503096
PerfectBlue Gelsystem Midi SPeqLab40-1515or other electrophoresis system 
TProfessional 96Biometra050-551or other Thermocycler for 96-well plates
Orbital shaker KS 260 basicIKA2980200or other horizontal shaker
PCR softtubes 0.2 mlBiozym Scientific GmbH711082or other 0.2 ml PCR tubes
1.5 ml tubesEppendorf12682or other 1.5 ml tubes
Gel documentation systemPeqLabor any other gel documentation system
Nanodrop ND-1000 spectrophotometerThermo ScientificND-1000
Spreadex EL1200 precast gelElchrom Scientific3497
Submerged gel electrophoresis apparatus SEA 2000 Elchrom Scientific2001E
2100 Electrophoresis BioanalyzerAgilent TechnologiesG2939AA

References

Loading...
$$\rightleftharpoonup{xx}$$ $$\longleftharp{xx}$$, $$\longrightharp{xx}$$,
  1. Schmidt, M., et al. Detection and direct genomic sequencing of multiple rare unknown flanking DNA in highly complex samples. Hum Gene Ther. 12, 743-749 (2001).
  2. Schmidt, M., et al. High-resolution insertion-....

Access restricted. Please log in or start a trial to view this content.

Reprints and Permissions

Request permission to reuse the text or figures of this JoVE article

Request Permission

Tags

Linear Amplification Mediated PCRVector Genome JunctionsBiotinylated PrimersMagnetic BeadsSolid Phase AmplificationExponential AmplificationRestriction EnzymeLigation ReactionGel ElectrophoresisDeep Sequencing

Related Articles