Method Article

Voorwaardelijke Genetische transsynaptische Tracing in de embryonale hersenen van muizen

DOI:

10.3791/52487

December 22nd, 2014

In This Article

Summary

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Capitalizing on a binary genetic strategy we provide a detailed protocol for neural circuit tracing in mice that express complementary transsynaptic tracers after Cre-mediated recombination. Because cell-specific tracer production is genetically encoded, our experimental approach is suitable to study the formation and maturation of neural circuitry during murine embryonic brain development at a single cell resolution.

Abstract

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Anatomical path tracing is of pivotal importance to decipher the relationship between brain and behavior. Unraveling the formation of neural circuits during embryonic maturation of the brain however is technically challenging because most transsynaptic tracing methods developed to date depend on stereotaxic tracer injection. To overcome this problem, we developed a binary genetic strategy for conditional genetic transsynaptic tracing in the mouse brain. Towards this end we generated two complementary knock-in mouse strains to selectively express the bidirectional transsynaptic tracer barley lectin (BL) and the retrograde transsynaptic tracer Tetanus Toxin fragment C from the ROSA26 locus after Cre-mediated recombination. Cell-specific tracer production in these mice is genetically encoded and does not depend on mechanical tracer injection. Therefore our experimental approach is suitable to study neural circuit formation in the embryonic murine brain. Furthermore, because tracer transfer across synapses depends on synaptic activity, these mouse strains can be used to analyze the communication between genetically defined neuronal populations during brain development at a single cell resolution. Here we provide a detailed protocol for transsynaptic tracing in mouse embryos using the novel recombinant ROSA26 alleles. We have utilized this experimental technique in order to delineate the neural circuitry underlying maturation of the reproductive axis in the developing female mouse brain.

Introduction

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Anatomische pad tracing is een van de meest gebruikte middelen om de relatie tussen hersenen en gedrag 1 ontcijferen. Vooruitgang in de neurale circuit tracing technologieën heeft neurowetenschappers geschonken met de mogelijkheid om neurale circuits sporen van genetisch geïdentificeerd neuron bevolking in muizen 2. Ondanks deze technische vooruitgang blijft een uitdaging om de vorming van neurale circuits ontrafelen vooral tijdens embryonale ontwikkeling. Dit is omdat de meeste van de tracering worden ontwikkeld tijd berusten op stereotaxische injectie van transsynaptische tracers of genetisch gemodificeerde neurotrope virussen (figuur ....

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Protocol

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OPMERKING: Ethiek Verklaring: Procedures met dierlijke proefpersonen werden goedgekeurd door het dierenwelzijn commissie van de Universiteit van Hamburg en de Universiteit van Saarland.

1. Voorbereiding en Fixatie van embryonaal weefsel

  1. Schik alle apparatuur die nodig is om te ontleden uit de embryo's en oplossingen voor de daaropvolgende fixatie van het weefsel te bereiden voor het opofferen van de dieren.
    OPMERKING: bereid altijd vers 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA) oplossing (4% PFA in 0,1 M fosfaat gebufferde zoutoplossing (PBS), pH op 7,4).
  2. Euthanaseren getimede zwangere vrouwelijke muis met een ethisch goed....

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Results

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Deze sectie toont representatieve resultaten die kunnen worden verkregen werken met de R26-BIZ (B L I RES-τlac Z) en de R26-GTT (G FP TT C) allelen. Hier gebruiken we de R26-BIZ en de R26-GTT allelen op de rijping van de neurale circuits reguleren van de reproductieve as analyseren. Reproductie in gewervelde dieren wordt centraal geregeld door een kleine subset van neuronen in de hypothalamus, die gonadotrofine-releasing hormoon (GnRH) afscheiden. Kisspepti.......

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Discussion

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Uitdrukken transsynaptische tracers als transgenen naar de neurale circuits van genetisch bepaalde neuronale populatie traceren heeft een aantal voordelen ten opzichte van de stereotactische injectie van tracers of neurotopic virussen. Eerst wordt de tracer geproduceerd als een endogeen eiwit en dus geen immuunrespons opwekken en een selectieve neurale weg kan verschillende dieren met een hoge reproduceerbaarheid geanalyseerd. Ten tweede, aangezien dit een niet-invasieve methode kan worden gebruikt om de circuits tracer.......

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Disclosures

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No conflict of interest declared.

Acknowledgements

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We thank Michael Candlish for critical comments on the manuscript. This project was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft grants BO1743/6 and SFB/TRR 152 P11 and Z02 to Ulrich Boehm.

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Materials

List of materials used in this article
NameCompanyCatalog NumberComments
Bisbenzimide (Hoechst 33258 dye)Sigma14530-100MG
EthanolSigma32205-1L
Cryo mold (Peel-a-way)Polyscience Inc.18646A-122 x 22 x 20mm
DMSOSigmaD8418-100ML
Dimethyl Formamide (DMF)VWR Chemicals23470,293
EGTAROTH3054.3
Fluoromount GSouthern Biotech0100-01
GlutaraldehydeSigmaG5882-50ML
Hydrogen peroxideSigma34988-7
Isopentane (Methyl 2-butane)SigmaM32631-2.5L
Kaiser's glycine gelatinMerck1092420100
MethanolSigma494437-1L
MgCl2SigmaM2670-100G
NaClROTHHN00.2
NBTSigma298-83-9
Nonidet P40 substituteFluka743.85
OCTLeica14020108926
PAP penDakoS2002
ParafarmaldehydeSigmaP6148-1KG
Sodium deoxycholateSigmaD6750-25G
SucroseSigmaS7903-1KG
Superfrost slidesThermo ScientificFT4981GLPLUS
TSA kitPerkinElmerNEL700
TSA plus kitPerkinElmerNEL749A001KT
TrisROTHAE15.2
Triton-X 100ROTH3051.2
Tween 20ROTH9127.1
X-galROTH2315.1
CryostatLeicana
Light microscope equipped with DIC imagingZeissAxioskop2 equipped with Axio Vision software
Fluroscence microscopeZeissAxioskop2 equipped with Axio Vision software
PhotoshopAdobePS6
Goat anti-WGA (recognizes BL)Vector LaboatoriesAS-2024
Biotinylayted horse anti-goat IgGVector LaboatoriesBA-9500
Biotinylated goat anti-rabbit IgGVector LaboatoriesBA-1000
Rabbit anti-GFP (recognizes GTT)InvitrogenA11122
Rabbit anti-GnRHAffinity Bio ReagentPA1-121
Dylight488-donkey anti-rabbit IgGThermo ScientificSA5-10038
SA-Alexa Fluor 546Life TechnologiesS-11225
Primers
BL Fwd (for BIZ genotyping)Eurofins MWG OperonATGAAGATGATGAGCACCAGGGC
BL Rev (for BIZ genotyping)Eurofins MWG OperonAGCCCTCGCCGCAGAACTC
Cre Fwd (for Cre genotyping)Eurofins MWG OperonGTCGATGCAACGAGTGATGAGGTTCG
Cre Rev (for Cre genotyping)Eurofins MWG OperonCCAGGCTAAGTGCCTTCTCTACACCTGC
TTC Fwd (for GTT genotyping)Eurofins MWG OperonAGCAAGGGCGAGGAGCTGTT
TTC Rev (for GTT genotyping)Eurofins MWG OperonGTCTTGTAGTTGCCGTCGTCCTTGAA
XY Fwd (for gender genotyping)Eurofins MWG OperonTGAAGCTTTTGGCTTTGA
XY Rev (for gender genotyping)Eurofins MWG OperonCCGCTGCCAAATTCTTTG
ROSA26 FwdEurofins MWG OperonCGAAGTCGCTCTGAGTTGTTATC
ROSA26 RevEurofins MWG OperonGCAGATGGAGCGGGAGAAAT
SA RevEurofins MWG OperonCGAAGTCGCTCTGAGTTGTTATC

References

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  1. Vercelli, A., Repici, M., Garbossa, D., Grimaldi, A. Recent techniques for tracing pathways in the central nervous system of developing and adult mammals. Brain. Res. Bull. 51, 11-28 (2000).
  2. Huang, Z. J., Zeng, H. Genetic approaches to neural circuits in t....

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Tags

Conditional Genetic TracingTranssynaptic TracingEmbryonic Mouse BrainNeural Circuit FormationCre Mediated RecombinationROSA26 AllelesBarley Lectin TracerTetanus Toxin Fragment CSingle Cell ResolutionReproductive Axis Maturation

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