Method Article

Isolatie van virale replicatie compartiment verrijkt Sub-nucleaire fracties uit adenovirus-geïnfecteerde normale menselijke cellen

DOI:

10.3791/53296

November 12th, 2015

In This Article

Summary

Loading...
$$\rightleftharpoonup{xx}$$ $$\longleftharp{xx}$$, $$\longrightharp{xx}$$,

We provide a novel strategy to isolate viral replication compartments (RC) from adenovirus (Ad)-infected human cells. This approach represents a cell-free system that can help to elucidate the molecular mechanisms regulating viral genome replication and expression as well as regulation of viral-host interactions established at the RC.

Abstract

Loading...
$$\rightleftharpoonup{xx}$$ $$\longleftharp{xx}$$, $$\longrightharp{xx}$$,

During infection of human cells by adenovirus (Ad), the host cell nucleus is dramatically reorganized, leading to formation of nuclear microenvironments through the recruitment of viral and cellular proteins to sites occupied by the viral genome. These sites, called replication compartments (RC), can be considered viral-induced nuclear domains where the viral genome is localized and viral and cellular proteins that participate in replication, transcription and post-transcriptional processing are recruited. Moreover, cellular proteins involved in the antiviral response, such as tumor suppressor proteins, DNA damage response (DDR) components and innate immune response factors are also co-opted to RC. Although RC seem to play a crucial role to promote an efficient and productive replication cycle, a detailed analysis of their composition and associated activities has not been made. To facilitate the study of adenoviral RC and potentially those from other DNA viruses that replicate in the cell nucleus, we adapted a simple procedure based on velocity gradients to isolate Ad RC and established a cell-free system amenable to conduct morphological, functional and compositional studies of these virus-induced subnuclear structures, as well as to study their impact on host-cell interactions.

Introduction

Loading...
$$\rightleftharpoonup{xx}$$ $$\longleftharp{xx}$$, $$\longrightharp{xx}$$,

Adenovirussen een dubbelstrengs DNA-genoom, dat repliceert in de geïnfecteerde celkern. Als het virale DNA de kern binnengaat, is gelokaliseerd grenzend aan PML kernlichaampjes 1. Naar aanleiding van de virale vroege genexpressie, wordt de nucleaire architectuur drastisch gereorganiseerd, het induceren van de vorming van virale micro-omgevingen, zogenaamde virale replicatie compartimenten (RC) 2. Sinds adenovirus (Ad) RC zijn sites waar virale genoom replicatie en expressie van virale late genen plaatsvinden, ze bieden een omgeving voor de aanwerving van alle noodzakelijke virale en cellulaire factoren die deelnemen aan deze processen. Interessa....

Access restricted. Please log in or start a trial to view this content.

Protocol

Loading...
$$\rightleftharpoonup{xx}$$ $$\longleftharp{xx}$$, $$\longrightharp{xx}$$,

1. HFF Cell Cultuur en Ad-infectie

  1. Propageren Ad5 WT virus in monolagen van HEK-293-cellen en titer als fluorescerende eenheden (FFU) op HFF cellen zoals eerder beschreven 8.
  2. Groei humane voorhuid fibroblasten (HFF) in 10 ml DMEM / 10% foetaal runderserum (FBS) in steriele kweek 100 mm schalen bij 37 ° C en 5% CO2 in een bevochtigde incubator. Bepaal het aantal cellen met een Neubauer kamer door het tellen van cellen in de vier 16-square sets. Het aantal cellen per ml wordt verkregen door het gemiddelde aantal cellen in de vier 16-square sets en dit aantal te vermenigvuldigen met 10 4. Voor iedere keer na infectie....

Access restricted. Please log in or start a trial to view this content.

Results

Loading...
$$\rightleftharpoonup{xx}$$ $$\longleftharp{xx}$$, $$\longrightharp{xx}$$,

Aangezien virale replicatie compartimenten (RC) zijn subnucleaire viraal geïnduceerde structuren bestaande uit eiwitten en nucleïnezuren, vergelijkbaar met andere nucleaire domeinen, bleken zij vatbaar voor isolatie te worden door snelheidsgradiënten gebaseerd op biochemische kenmerken. Kritische stappen van de fractionering protocol worden geïllustreerd in figuur 1. Bij elke stap de monsters moeten worden gevolgd met helderveld microscopie om de integriteit van de verschillende subcellulaire fracties w.......

Access restricted. Please log in or start a trial to view this content.

Discussion

Loading...
$$\rightleftharpoonup{xx}$$ $$\longleftharp{xx}$$, $$\longrightharp{xx}$$,

In order to elucidate the molecular mechanisms that govern regulation of cellular activities by viral infection understanding the composition and activities associated with RC would be instrumental. Therefore, to make a detailed analysis of RC, we established a cell-free system that takes advantage of the size and biochemical composition of these virus-induced structures, to isolate subnuclear fractions enriched with RC using a simple procedure that relies on velocity gradients with sucrose cushions. Critical steps of th.......

Access restricted. Please log in or start a trial to view this content.

Disclosures

Loading...
$$\rightleftharpoonup{xx}$$ $$\longleftharp{xx}$$, $$\longrightharp{xx}$$,

The authors have nothing to disclose.

Acknowledgements

Loading...
$$\rightleftharpoonup{xx}$$ $$\longleftharp{xx}$$, $$\longrightharp{xx}$$,

This work was supported by grants from CONACyT-SEP (SEP-2008-84582; CB-2011-01-168497) and Promep-SEP for R.A.G.; P.H. received a scholarship from CONACyT (447442).

....

Access restricted. Please log in or start a trial to view this content.

Materials

List of materials used in this article
NameCompanyCatalog NumberComments
DMEMGibco12100-046Warm in 37 ºC water bath before use
Fetal Bovine SerumGibco12484-028
Sucrose, Ultra PureResearch Organics0928SPrepare a 2.55 M stock solution and store at 4 ºC
Dounce homogenizerKontess Glass Company884900-0000
Branson 1800 Ultrasonic BathBransonZ769533 SIGMATurn on 15 min before use.
Goat anti-Mouse IgG1 Secondary Antibody, Alexa Fluor 488 conjugateLife TechnologiesA-21121Use at a 1:2,000 dilution in PBS
Silane-Prep SlidesSigmaS4651-72EAOpen in a laminar flow cabinet
SuperSignal West Pico Chemiluminescent SubstratePierce ThermoScientific34080

References

Loading...
$$\rightleftharpoonup{xx}$$ $$\longleftharp{xx}$$, $$\longrightharp{xx}$$,
  1. Doucas, V., et al. Adenovirus replication is coupled with the dynamic properties of the PML nuclear structure. Genes & Dev. 10, 196-207 (1996).
  2. Schmid, M., Speiseder, T., Dobner, T., Gonzalez, R. A. DNA virus replication compartments. J. Virol. 88, 1404-142....

Access restricted. Please log in or start a trial to view this content.

Reprints and Permissions

Request permission to reuse the text or figures of this JoVE article

Request Permission

Tags

Viral Replication CompartmentsAdenovirus infected CellsSub nuclear Fraction IsolationVelocity Gradient CentrifugationCell free SystemNuclear Lysate PreparationImmunofluorescence AnalysisE2A DNA Binding ProteinViral DNA EnrichmentHost cell Interactions

Related Articles