Method Article

Ontwikkeling van een In Vitro Assay om contractiele functie van mesenchymale Cellen die Onderging-mesenchymale transitie Evalueer

DOI:

10.3791/53974

June 10th, 2016

In This Article

Summary

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Here, we describe the development and application of a gel contraction assay for evaluating contractile function in mesenchymal cells that underwent epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

Abstract

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Fibrosis is often involved in the pathogenesis of various chronic progressive diseases such as interstitial pulmonary disease. Pathological hallmark is the formation of fibroblastic foci, which is associated with the disease severity. Mesenchymal cells consisting of the fibroblastic foci are proposed to be derived from several cell sources, including originally resident intrapulmonary fibroblasts and circulating fibrocytes from bone marrow. Recently, mesenchymal cells that underwent epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) have been also supposed to contribute to the pathogenesis of fibrosis. In addition, EMT can be induced by transforming growth factor β, and EMT can be enhanced by pro-inflammatory cytokines like tumor necrosis factor α. The gel contraction assay is an ideal in vitro model for the evaluation of contractility, which is one of the characteristic functions of fibroblasts and contributes to wound repair and fibrosis. Here, the development of a gel contraction assay is demonstrated for evaluating contractile ability of mesenchymal cells that underwent EMT.

Introduction

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Fibrose is betrokken bij de pathogenese van verschillende chronische progressieve ziekten zoals interstitiële longziekte, cardiale fibrose, levercirrose, terminale nierinsufficiëntie, systemische sclerose en auto-immuunziekte 1. Onder interstitiële longziekten, idiopathische longfibrose (IPF) is een chronische progressieve ziekte en geeft een slechte prognose. Pathologische kenmerk van IPF is de ontwikkeling van fibroblastische foci bestaande uit geactiveerde fibroblasten en myofibroblasten die worden geassocieerd met de prognose. De oorsprong van deze pulmonaire fibroblasten voorgesteld kunnen worden uit verschillende mesenchymale cellen, zoals oorspronke....

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Protocol

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1. Voorbereiding en Cultuur van longepitheelcellen

  1. Cultuur A549 humane long epitheelcellen (hechtende cellijn) in Dulbecco's Gemodificeerd Eagle Medium (DMEM) aangevuld met 10% foetaal runderserum (FBS), 100 IE / ml penicilline en 100 ug / ml streptomycine.
  2. Verwijder de celkweekmedia van kweekschaal en was eenmaal met 5-10 ml fosfaat gebufferde zoutoplossing (PBS). Na wassen onmiddellijk zuig het PBS.
  3. Voeg 2 ml trypsine / ethyleendiaminetetra-azijnzuur (EDTA) (0,05%) en incubeer bij 37 ° C en 5% CO2 gedurende 3 minuten.
  4. Verzamelen van de losgemaakte cellen in centrifugebuizen met celcultuurmedium Centrifugeer de....

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Results

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Tijdens EMT, epitheelcellen verliezen epitheliale merkers, zoals E-cadherine, en krijgen de expressie van mesenchymale markers, zoals vimentine en α-gladde spier actine 4,5. Incubatie van A549 humane long epitheelcellen met TGF-β1 en TNF-α induceert EMT. Het uiterlijk van normale A549 cellen zijn geplaveide achtige vorm en driehoekig dat karakteristiek is voor epitheliale cellen (Figuur 3A), maar na gestimuleerd met TGF-β1 en TNF-α, het uiterlijk veranderde vo.......

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Discussion

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De in deze onderzoeksprotocol omvat twee stappen. De eerste stap wordt uitgevoerd om EMT induceren, terwijl de tweede stap is de gel samentrekking assay. Aangezien het belangrijk te bevestigen dat cellen ondergingen EMT, stap 2 een uitstekende aanvulling op de morfologische veranderingen en gen expressie. Eerdere studies toonden aan dat EMT van A549-cellen werd geïnduceerd met slechts 24 TGF-β1; echter, zoals we eerder hebben gemeld 10, TNF-α behandeling verbetert EMT en de overname van mesenchymal.......

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Disclosures

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De auteurs hebben geen belangenconflicten te onthullen.

Acknowledgements

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We thank Dr. Tadashi Koyama for technical help. This work was supported in part by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Numbers 23249045, 15K09211, 15K19172; a grant to the Respiratory Failure Research Group from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Japan; a grant for research on allergic disease and immunology, Japan.

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Materials

List of materials used in this article
NameCompanyCatalog NumberComments
DMEMsigma aldrich11965-092For A549 medium
FBSGIBCO10437
Transforming Growth Factor-β1, Human, recombinantWako Laboratory chemicals209-16544
Recombinant Human TNF-αR&D systems210-TA/CF
E-Cadherin (24E10) Rabbit mAbCell Signaling Technology#31951:3,000 dilution
Vimentin (D21H3) Rabbit mAbCell Signaling Technology#57411:3,000 dilution
Anti-α-Tubulin antibodysigma aldrichT90261:10,000 dilution
Monoclonal Anti-Actin, α-Smooth Muscle antibody sigma aldrichA52281:10,000 dilution
Anti-N-cadherin antibodyBD Transduction Laboratories#6109201:1,000 dilution
Anti-Mouse IgG, HRP-Linked Whole Ab Sheep (secondary antibody)GE HealthcareNA931-100UL1:20,000 dilution
Anti-Rabbit IgG, HRP-Linked Whole Ab Donkey (secondary antibody)GE HealthcareNA934-100UL1:20,000 dilution
Blocking reagentGE HealthcareRPN4182% in TBS-T
6 Well Clear Flat Bottom TC-Treated Multiwell Cell Culture Plate, with Lidcorning#353046
100 mm Cell culture dishTPP#93100
DMEM, powderlife technologies12100-046For 4× DMEM
Type 1 collagen gelNitta gelatinCellmatrix type I-A
24 Well cell culture plateAGC TECHNO GLASS1820-024
Gel Documentation System ATTOAE-6911FXNGel imager
Gel analyzing softwareATTODensitograph, ver. 3.00analysing software bundled with AE-6911FXN
Trypsin-EDTA (0.05%), phenol redlife technologies25300054
24 Well Plates, Non-TreatedIWAKI1820-024
Trypan Blue Solution, 0.4%life technologies15250-061
RNA extraction kitQiagen74106
Reverse transcriptaselife technologies18080044
Real time PCR systemStratageneMx-3000P
SYBR green PCR kitQiagen204145
Protease Inhibitor Cocktail (100x)life technologies78429
PVDF membraneATTO2392390
Protein assay kitbio-rad5000006JA 
Polyacrylamide gelATTO2331810
Western blotting detection reagentGE HealthcareRPN2232
Cold CCD cameraATTOEz-Capture MG/ST
Trypsin inhibitorsigma aldrichT9003-100MG
Polyoxyethylene (20)Sorbitan MonolaurateWako Laboratory chemicals163-11512
Polyoxyethylene (9) octyiphenyl etherWako Laboratory chemicals141-08321

References

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  1. Wynn, T. A. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of fibrosis. The Journal of pathology. 214, 199-214 (2008).
  2. Hardie, W. D., Glasser, S. W., Hagood, J. S. Emerging concepts in the pathogenesis of lung fibrosis. The American journal of pathology. 175, 3-16 (20....

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Tags

Epithelial Mesenchymal TransitionGel Contraction AssayMesenchymal CellsTGF Beta 1TNF AlphaA549 CellsCell ContractilityWestern Blot AnalysisImmunofluorescence StainingCell Culture Incubator

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