Pharmacological Screening
Pharmacological Screening - Related Videos
16:23
Automated, Quantitative Cognitive/Behavioral Screening of Mice: For Genetics, Pharmacology, Animal Cognition and Undergraduate Instruction
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Cited by 18 •
2014
Fully automated system for measuring physiologically meaningful properties of the mechanisms mediating spatial localization, temporal localization, duration, rate and probability estimation, risk assessment, impulsivity, and the accuracy and precision of memory, in order to assess the effects of genetic and pharmacological manipulations on foundational mechanisms of cognition in mice.
09:58
Pharmacological and Functional Genetic Assays to Manipulate Regeneration of the Planarian Dugesia japonica
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Cited by 17 •
2011
An attractive model for studying stem cell differentiation within a live animal is the planarian flatworm. Regeneration is studied by simple amputation experiments that are easily performed in a basic laboratory and are amenable to pharmacological and genetic (in vivo RNAi) manipulation as detailed by protocols in this article.
08:49
Assessing Changes in Volatile General Anesthetic Sensitivity of Mice after Local or Systemic Pharmacological Intervention
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Cited by 23 •
2013
Loss of the righting reflex has long served as a standard behavioral surrogate for unconsciousness, also called hypnosis, in laboratory animals. Alterations in volatile anesthetic sensitivity caused by pharmacological interventions can be detected with a carefully controlled high-throughput assessment system, which may be adapted for delivery of any inhaled therapeutic.
09:44
High-throughput Screening for Chemical Modulators of Post-transcriptionally Regulated Genes
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2015
Here we describe a cell-based reporter gene assay as a valuable tool to screen chemical libraries for compounds modulating post-transcriptional control mechanisms exerted through 3’ UTR.
12:37
Pharmacologic Induction of Epidermal Melanin and Protection Against Sunburn in a Humanized Mouse Model
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Cited by 13 •
2013
Epidermal melanin is induced by topical application of forskolin in a murine model of the fair-skinned UV-sensitive human. Pharmacologic manipulation of cAMP levels in the skin and epidermal darkening strongly protect against UV-mediated inflammation (sunburn) as measured by the minimum erythematous dose (MED) assay.
FAQs
Target-based screening examines whether a substance interacts with a defined receptor, enzyme, or signaling protein. Phenotypic screening instead measures observable changes in cells, tissues, or organisms without requiring an initially specified molecular target. The first approach directly tests a selected mechanism, whereas the second can reveal broader biological effects that may later help clarify how a compound acts.
Concentration-response studies show how biological activity changes as the amount of a test substance varies. This relationship helps distinguish a reproducible pharmacological effect from an isolated observation and can indicate whether increasing exposure produces stronger or different responses. Interpreted with suitable controls, these studies also help identify effects associated with toxicity or assay artifacts.
Controls provide reference responses against which test-substance effects can be judged. They help researchers determine whether an observed change reflects specific biological activity, general toxicity, or an artifact produced by the assay system. Without appropriate controls, apparent activity may be difficult to interpret, weakening decisions about which compounds deserve further investigation.
A typical workflow evaluates a selected compound, biologic, or existing drug in an assay suited to the question, using defined concentrations and appropriate controls. Researchers then measure target interactions or phenotypic changes, examine concentration-response patterns, and analyze the results. Molecular profiling and computational analysis can support efficient comparison of many substances and help prioritize candidates.
Target-based screening is useful when a receptor, enzyme, or signaling protein has already been selected as the focus of investigation. It can directly test interaction with that component and support mechanism-oriented analysis. Phenotypic screening is more appropriate when researchers want to detect changes in cells, tissues, or organisms broadly, including effects that may reveal an unanticipated mechanism.
Screening can prioritize compounds with promising biological activity for further development while also identifying possible safety concerns. Results may help clarify mechanisms of action and uncover new uses for approved medicines. In pharmacology, combining automated assays, molecular profiling, and computational analysis allows large compound libraries to be evaluated efficiently before more detailed investigation.