High-Definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Activation of the Target Brain Region

Begin with a human participant wearing a plastic device cap fitted with embedded casings, aligned to the 10–10 electroencephalography or EEG electrode placement system.

The 10–10 system positions the electrodes precisely over the target brain region.

Use a 3D digitizer to map these points to brain coordinates.

From the casings, separate the hair and apply conductive gel to the scalp.

Insert the electrodes into the casings for contact with the gel-covered scalp.

Connect the electrodes to a stimulation device.

Activate the device to deliver direct current using high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation, or HD-tDCS, a noninvasive brain stimulation technique.

HD-tDCS delivers a weak, focused electric current to the target brain region.

Within the brain, the electric field alters ion movement across neuronal membranes, shifting their resting state.

This triggers neurons to transmit more signals, modulating communication with the neighboring neurons.

As a result, HD-tDCS enables controlled neuronal activation, allowing focused stimulation in the target region.

Place the plastic device cap onto the subject's head, and embed the five plastic high-definition casings in the swimming cap.

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