JoVE Encyclopedie van Experimenten
Immunologie
0 weergaven • 4:00 min. • July 8th, 2025
Take an anesthetized mouse engineered to express a fluorescent protein in neutrophils. Shave the dorsum and create a circular cut. Excise the cut skin to reveal the fascia — a connective tissue layer underneath.
Take a syringe containing a suspension of Staphylococcus aureus — a pathogenic bacterium — genetically modified to produce bioluminescence. Inject the suspension between the fascia and the underlying tissue generating a localized wound infection.
The pattern recognition receptors on stromal cells in the fascia recognize the pathogen-associated molecular patterns on the bacteria. This binding induces the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemoattractants — resulting in inflammation.
Chemoattractants recruit circulatory neutrophils at the infection site. Incoming neutrophils engulf the bacteria into a phagosome that fuses with cytoplasmic granules, causing antimicrobial peptide release.
NADPH oxidase — an enzyme complex — assembles on the phagosome membrane and produces reactive oxygen species or ROS. The antimicrobial peptides and ROS cause bacterial degradation.
As a counter-response, the bacteria secrete virulence factors that permeabilize the neutrophil membrane,
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