Name: series and parallel impedance rules
Uploaded: 2024-04-11T12:48:49.000Z
Duration: 1 min 21 s
Channel: JoVE

Weźmy pod uwagę ciąg lampek choinkowych, z których każda reprezentuje impedancję. Ten szeregowy układ impedancji zapewnia równomierny prąd na każdym komponencie.
Stosując prawo napięcia Kirchhoffa, impedancja zastępcza jest równa sumie poszczególnych impedancji, podobnie jak w przypadku rezystorów połączonych szeregowo.
Napięcie źródła jest rozdzielane proporcjonalnie między wiele komponentów w oparciu o ich odpowiednie impedancje, zgodnie z zasadą podziału napięcia.
W połączeniu szeregowym awaria pojedynczej żarówki powoduje przerwę w obwodzie, zakłócając przepływ prądu.
Tak więc lampki choinkowe są zwykle okablowane w konfiguracji równoległej, co gwarantuje stałe napięcie na każdym elemencie.
Zastosowanie prawa prądu Kirchhoffa do tego obwodu równoległego ujawnia, że odwrotność impedancji równoważnej jest równa sumie odwrotności poszczególnych impedancji, podobnie jak w przypadku rezystorów połączonych równolegle.
Tak więc równoważne dopuszczenie jest określone przez sumę indywidualnych dopuszczenia.
Prąd źródłowy dzieli się między komponentami odwrotnie proporcjonalnie do ich impedancji, co demonstruje zasadę podziału prądu.
W tym przypadku każdy komponent ustanawia niezależną ścieżkę do źródła zasilania, umożliwiając izolowany przepływ prądu.

kombinacja impedancji

Rozważmy łańcuch lampek choinkowych, z których każda żarówka symbolizuje element impedancyjny. W tej konfiguracji szeregowej przepływ prądu elektrycznego jest jednorodny we wszystkich komponentach. To zachowanie jest zgodne z napięciowym prawem Kirchhoffa (KVL, z ang. Kirchhoff's Voltage Law), które stwierdza, że całkowita impedancja w takim układzie jest równa sumie poszczególnych impedancji – podobnie jak w przypadku rezystorów połączonych szeregowo. Wynika z tego, że napięcie ze źródła zasilania rozkłada się proporcjonalnie pomiędzy te elementy, zgodnie z zasadą podziału napięcia.

<img alt="Equation1" src="/files/ftp_upload/15569/15569_PT_Equation_1.svg" style="text-align: center; height: 48px;" />

Jednak wada tego połączenia szeregowego jest widoczna w przypadku awarii pojedynczej żarówki, powodując przerwę w obwodzie, która przerywa cały przepływ prądu. Lampki choinkowe są zwykle rozmieszczone w konfiguracji równoległej, aby zapewnić ciągłe i stałe zasilanie. Taka konfiguracja gwarantuje stałe napięcie na każdej żarówce, zgodnie z prądowym prawem Kirchhoffa (KCL, z ang. Kirchhoff's Current Law), gdzie odwrotność równoważnej impedancji jest równa sumie odwrotności poszczególnych impedancji – podobnie jak w przypadku rezystorów połączonych równolegle. Z tego wynika, że równoważna admitancja to suma poszczególnych admitancji.

W tym układzie równoległym prąd źródła dzieli się odwrotnie proporcjonalnie do impedancji poszczególnych żarówek, co ilustruje zasadę dzielenia prądu. Co ważne, każda żarówka tworzy niezależną drogę do źródła zasilania, umożliwiając odizolowany i nieprzerwany przepływ prądu.

<img alt="Equation2" src="/files/ftp_upload/15569/15569_PT_Equation_2.svg" style="text-align: center; height: 48px;" />

<img alt="Equation3" src="/files/ftp_upload/15569/15569_PT_Equation_3.svg" style="text-align: center; height: 40px;" />

Co więcej, w bardziej złożonych obwodach, zarówno z impedancją szeregową, jak i równoległą, transformacje trójkąt-gwiazda i gwiazda-trójkąt mogą być również stosowane w obwodach impedancyjnych, oferując cenne narzędzia do analizy obwodów i projektowania. Te transformacje umożliwiają konwersję między różnymi konfiguracjami impedancji, zwiększając wszechstronność układów opartych na impedancji.

Kombinacja impedancji

Weźmy pod uwagę ciąg lampek choinkowych, z których każda reprezentuje impedancję. Ten szeregowy układ impedancji zapewnia równomierny prąd w poprzek ...

Education

JoVE Core

Electrical Engineering

Elektrotechnika

Unit 1

Jednostka 1

AC Circuit Analysis

Analiza obwodów prądu przemiennego

KEY TERMS AND CONCEPTS

Kluczowe terminy i pojęcia

Impedance Combination

series and parallel impedance rules

Impedance in series and parallel circuits follows the same rules used for resistors. A string of Christmas lights is a simple example. Each bulb represents one impedance element. In a series connection, the current stays the same through every component.

This series behavior matches Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law, or KVL. The total impedance in the circuit is the sum of the individual impedances. The source voltage is then divided among the components based on their values. This is the voltage division principle. One weak point of a series circuit is that one failed bulb can open the circuit and stop current flow.

Christmas lights are often wired in parallel to avoid that problem. In a parallel circuit, each bulb keeps its own path to the power source. The voltage across each bulb stays constant. This matches Kirchhoff’s Current Law, or KCL. For parallel impedance, the reciprocal of the equivalent impedance equals the sum of the reciprocals of the individual impedances.

The equivalent admittance is the sum of the individual admittances. Admittance is the inverse of impedance. In this setup, the source current splits according to the impedances of the branches. This is the current division principle. Because each bulb has an independent path, current can keep flowing even if one branch fails.

For circuits that mix series and parallel impedances, delta-to-wye and wye-to-delta transformations are useful. These methods let students convert one impedance network into another form. They make circuit analysis and design more flexible.

Series and Parallel Impedance Rules

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Impedance in series and parallel circuits follows the same rules used for resistors. A string of Christmas lights is a simple example. Each bulb represents one impedance element. In a series connection, the current stays the same through every component. This series behavior matches Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law, or KVL. The total impedance in the circuit is the sum of the individual impedances. The source voltage is then divided among the components based on their values. This is the voltage...

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JoVE Core Electrical Engineering offers easy-to-understand animated videos that cover fundamental concepts of electric circuits along with circuit analysis techniques. It incorporates first-order and second-order circuits using operational amplifiers and circuit transformation concepts. The inclusion of practical design examples and real-world applications through scientist-in-action videos adds significant educational value, making complex concepts accessible.

electrical engineering

Series and Parallel Impedance Rules

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