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Cognitive development during adolescence is marked by increased cognitive empathy, the ability to adopt others' perspectives, and an understanding of their mental states.

This skill involves the concept of the theory of mind, which recognizes that people have thoughts, feelings, and beliefs different from one's own.

Cognitive empathy plays a crucial role in social problem-solving and helps adolescents avoid conflicts.

A longitudinal study found that cognitive empathy levels in girls generally begin to increase around the age of 13, while in boys, this typically starts around the age of 15.

Studies also indicate that adolescents who reported having supportive fathers with whom they could openly share concerns showed a greater ability to understand others' perspectives.

Additionally, adolescent thinking is characterized by an enhanced capacity to consider diverse viewpoints, imagine hypothetical scenarios, engage in debates on complex topics like politics, religion, and justice, and generate new ideas. They may also frequently question authority or challenge established societal norms.