Pressure Perturbation
Pressure Perturbation - Related Videos
07:49
Application of Consistent Massage-Like Perturbations on Mouse Calves and Monitoring the Resulting Intramuscular Pressure Changes
0 Views •
Cited by 5 •
2019
Here we describe the protocols for applying defined mechanical loads to mouse calves and for monitoring the concomitant intramuscular pressure changes. The experimental systems that we have developed can be useful for investigating the mechanism behind the beneficial effects of physical exercise and massage.
07:26
Synthesis and Microdiffraction at Extreme Pressures and Temperatures
0 Views •
Cited by 5 •
2013
The laser heated diamond anvil cell combined with synchrotron micro-diffraction techniques allows researchers to explore the nature and properties of new phases of matter at extreme pressure and temperature (PT) conditions. Heterogeneous samples can be characterized in situ under high pressure by 2D mapping and combined powder, single-crystal and multigrain diffraction approaches.
07:07
Optogenetic Perturbation of Neural Activity with Laser Illumination in Semi-intact Drosophila Larvae in Motion
0 Views •
Cited by 13 •
2013
Here we describe a protocol for optogenetic manipulation of motoneuronal activity while monitoring changes in motor output (muscle contraction) in semi-intact Drosophila larvae using lasers within a conventional confocal microscope. This technique enables researchers to achieve local perturbation of neural activity in a few neuromeres to elucidate the dynamics of motor circuits.
10:37
Perturbations of Circulating miRNAs in Irritable Bowel Syndrome Detected Using a Multiplexed High-throughput Gene Expression Platform
0 Views •
Cited by 6 •
2016
We describe the use of a multiplexed high-throughput gene expression platform that quantitates gene expression by barcoding and counting molecules in biological substrates without the need for amplification. We used the platform to quantitate microRNA (miRNA) expression in whole blood in subjects with and without irritable bowel syndrome.
02:34
Vapor Pressure
0 Views •
2020
When a liquid vaporizes in a closed container, gas molecules cannot escape. As these gas phase molecules move randomly about, they will occasionally collide with the surface of the condensed phase, and in some cases, these collisions will result in the molecules re-entering the condensed phase. The change from the gas phase to the liquid is called condensation. When the rate of condensation becomes equal to the rate of vaporization, neither the amount of the liquid nor the amount of the vapor...
FAQs
Hydrostatic pressure shifts an equilibrium according to the partial molar volumes of the states involved. When two molecular states differ in volume, increasing pressure favors the state with the smaller volume, whereas lowering pressure can shift the balance in the opposite direction. Tracking that redistribution allows researchers to connect pressure-dependent populations with molecular structure and energetics.
Rapid pressure jumps add a kinetic dimension to the experiment. A sudden increase or decrease changes the populations of molecular states, and the measured signal can then be followed as the system relaxes toward a new equilibrium. The relaxation behavior reveals how quickly the system re-equilibrates, helping distinguish equilibrium responses from time-dependent processes.
Pressure response can distinguish molecular states that differ in partial molar volume. The direction and extent of the equilibrium shift indicate how those states are related volumetrically, while the pressure dependence of the measured signal helps connect the transition to thermodynamic parameters. This supports analysis of energetic consequences of structural rearrangements rather than merely detecting that a change occurred.
To use Pressure Perturbation, researchers select a biochemical system and impose controlled increases or decreases in hydrostatic pressure. They then follow a pressure-sensitive observable as the sample responds, either during the shift or while it returns toward equilibrium. Comparing signals across pressure conditions and relaxation times provides evidence for both equilibrium behavior and transition kinetics.
Fluorescence, absorbance, scattering, and calorimetric signals can serve as readouts because molecular transitions alter the observed response. In a folding, binding, or assembly experiment, changes in these signals are evaluated as pressure changes. The resulting patterns can indicate redistribution among states and support analysis of structural transitions, energetics, or re-equilibration behavior.
Pressure Perturbation is suited to studies of protein folding and unfolding, ligand binding, conformational transitions, and membrane assembly. These systems can contain molecular states whose structures and partial molar volumes differ, allowing pressure changes to shift their populations. Observing the resulting signals helps researchers examine how biomolecular structure and energetics respond to physical stress.