Cardiac Systole
Cardiac Systole - Related Videos
06:24
Cardiac Exam II: Auscultation
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2023
Source: Suneel Dhand, MD, Attending Physician, Internal Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Proficiency in the use of a stethoscope to listen to heart sounds and the ability to differentiate between normal and abnormal heart sounds are essential skills for any physician. Correct placement of the stethoscope on the chest corresponds to the sound of cardiac valves closing. The heart has two main sounds: S1 and S2. The first heart sound (S1) occurs as the mitral and tricuspid valves...
10:22
Echocardiographic and Histological Examination of Cardiac Morphology in the Mouse
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Cited by 29 •
2017
Echocardiographic examination is frequently used in mice. Expensive high-resolution ultrasound devices have been developed for this purpose. This protocol describes an affordable echocardiographic procedure combined with histological morphometric analyses to determine cardiac morphology.
10:51
Cardiac Exam III: Abnormal Heart Sounds
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2023
Source: Suneel Dhand, MD, Attending Physician, Internal Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Having a fundamental understanding of normal heart sounds is the first step toward distinguishing the normal from the abnormal. Murmurs are sounds that represent turbulent and abnormal blood flow across a heart valve. They are caused either by stenosis (valve area too narrow) or regurgitation (backflow of blood across the valve) and are commonly heard as a "swishing" sound during auscultation.
15:45
Cardiac Stress Test Induced by Dobutamine and Monitored by Cardiac Catheterization in Mice
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Cited by 11 •
2013
We describe the protocol to perform a cardiac stress test induced by dobutamine and monitored by cardiac catheterization in normal mice. Also we show its application to unmask subclinical cardiac disease in high fat diet-induced obese mice.
07:13
A Rat Model of Pressure Overload Induced Moderate Remodeling and Systolic Dysfunction as Opposed to Overt Systolic Heart Failure
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Cited by 1 •
2020
We describe the creation of a rat model of pressure overload induced moderate remodeling and early systolic dysfunction where signal transduction pathways involved in the initiation of the remodeling process are activated. This animal model will aid in identifying molecular targets for applying early therapeutic anti-remodeling strategies for heart failure.
FAQs
Ventricular depolarization initiates calcium release inside cardiac muscle cells. The resulting contraction raises ventricular pressure, which closes the atrioventricular valves and permits the semilunar valves to open when the ventricular pressure is appropriate for ejection. This sequence links electrical activation, intracellular calcium handling, mechanical force, and one-way blood movement during each cardiac cycle.
During systole, rising ventricular pressure closes the atrioventricular valves, while the pressure relationship at the ventricular outflow passages allows the semilunar valves to open. These transitions identify when ventricular force is being converted into forward ejection through the pulmonary artery and aorta, making valve timing a useful reference for cardiac-cycle analysis.
Cardiac systole provides a recurring cardiovascular event that interacts with autonomic regulation. Arterial baroreceptors detect pressure-related signals and relay information into brainstem circuits, which help adjust heart rate and vascular tone. Studying this interaction connects ventricular activity with neural control of circulation rather than treating the heart as an isolated pump.
Systolic timing describes the temporal position of ventricular contraction and ejection within the cardiac cycle. Autonomic regulation, in contrast, concerns neural adjustments of heart rate and vascular tone. Separating these dimensions helps investigators determine whether an observed change reflects the cardiac event itself or altered brain-mediated cardiovascular control.
Researchers can assess systolic timing, pressure, or pulse responses, depending on whether they need temporal, mechanical, or pulse-related information. Relating these measurements to autonomic regulation and baroreceptor signaling helps characterize brain-heart communication. The resulting data support investigation of cardiovascular control without relying on a single indicator of the systolic phase.
A brain-heart study can align measurements of systolic timing, pressure, or pulse responses with questions about autonomic regulation and arterial baroreceptor signaling. Researchers then interpret the cardiovascular observations in relation to brainstem circuits that influence heart rate and vascular tone. This approach makes the cardiac signal relevant to neural control, rather than merely documenting ventricular activity.
It is especially relevant when research examines brain-heart communication, cardiovascular control, or disorders involving autonomic or cerebrovascular function. Systolic timing, pressure, and pulse responses provide cardiovascular outcomes that can be compared with neural regulatory processes. This connection helps frame whether a finding concerns cardiac performance, autonomic adjustment, vascular tone, or their interaction.