Name: how feedback failure disrupts homeostasis
Uploaded: 2025-05-22T09:05:53.000Z
Duration: 1 min 10 s
Channel: JoVE

K12 Standards

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North Carolina K-12 Science Standard Course of Study

9-12

Biology

from-molecules-to-organisms-structures-and-processes

From Molecules to Organisms- Structures and Processes

LS.Bio.3.1

Homeostatic Imbalance

Manter a homeostase ou o equilíbrio homeostático é crucial para preservar um ambiente interno estável do corpo. Os ciclos de feedback ajudam a manter o equilíbrio homeostático regulando as respostas fisiológicas.
No entanto, envelhecimento, infecção ou influências genéticas ou ambientais podem perturbar esses ciclos de feedback, levando ao desequilíbrio homeostático. Essa interrupção pode resultar em distúrbios, doenças e, em situações graves, até a morte.
Por exemplo, quando a homeostase é mantida, o hormônio insulina regula os níveis de glicose no sangue no corpo. A insulina sinaliza às células para absorver a glicose do sangue e ajuda a manter os níveis normais de glicose.
Um desequilíbrio homeostático ocorre devido à resistência à insulina ou à síntese prejudicada de insulina, resultando em diabetes. Nesses casos, a glicose permanece no sangue em níveis elevados. Por causa disso, muitas pessoas com diabetes tomam medicamentos ou insulina para manter a homeostase da glicose no sangue.

desequilíbrio homeostático

A homeostase é a manutenção de um ambiente interno estável dentro do corpo, o que é crucial para o funcionamento adequado das células, tecidos, órgãos e sistemas orgânicos. O corpo possui diversos mecanismos de controle que trabalham em conjunto para regular diferentes parâmetros fisiológicos, como temperatura, pressão sanguínea, equilíbrio de pH e equilíbrio de fluídos, para citar alguns. Esses mecanismos de controle são baseados em ciclos de feedback que podem ser positivos ou negativos.

No entanto, às vezes, esses ciclos de feedback falham e o corpo não consegue manter a homeostase, o que resulta em uma condição chamada desequilíbrio homeostático. Isso pode ocorrer devido a diversos fatores, como lesões, doenças, mudanças ambientais, mutações genéticas ou envelhecimento.

O desequilíbrio homeostático pode ter efeitos prejudiciais no corpo, levando a várias doenças e distúrbios. Por exemplo, um problema no ciclo de feedback que regula os níveis de glicose no sangue pode levar ao diabetes. Da mesma forma, uma falha no equilíbrio de fluídos e eletrólitos do corpo pode levar à desidratação, desequilíbrios de eletrólitos e outros distúrbios relacionados.

Embora a homeostase possa ser perturbada em indivíduos de todas as idades, a população mais idosa é a mais suscetível a desequilíbrios homeostáticos. Com o envelhecimento, o hipotálamo se torna menos sensível aos sinais de feedback, causando distúrbios na regulação metabólica, de energia e de estresse, aumentando o risco de doenças, como insuficiência cardíaca.

Desequilíbrio Homeostático

A homeostase é a manutenção de um ambiente interno estável dentro do corpo, o que é crucial para o bom funcionamento das células, tecidos, órgãos, ...

Education

JoVE Core

Anatomy and Physiology

Anatomia e Fisiologia

Unit 1

Unidade 1

Introduction to the Human Body

Introdução ao Corpo Humano

KEY TERMS AND CONCEPTS

TERMOS-CHAVE E CONCEITOS

how feedback failure disrupts homeostasis

Homeostasis keeps the body’s internal conditions stable so cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems can work properly. The body uses control systems to regulate temperature, blood pressure, pH balance, and fluid balance. These controls depend on feedback loops, which can be positive or negative.

Homeostatic imbalance happens when those feedback loops fail and the body can no longer maintain a stable internal environment. Injury, disease, environmental changes, genetic mutations, and aging can all contribute to this problem. When balance is lost, the effects can spread through the body and increase the risk of disease.

A common example is blood glucose control. If the feedback loop that regulates blood sugar is disrupted, diabetes can develop. Another example is fluid and electrolyte balance, which can be disturbed and lead to dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and related disorders.

Older adults are often more vulnerable to homeostatic imbalance. As people age, the hypothalamus becomes less sensitive to feedback signals. This can affect metabolism, energy control, and stress regulation, and it can raise the risk of problems such as heart failure.

How Feedback Failure Disrupts Homeostasis

how-feedback-failure-disrupts-homeostasis

overview of anatomy and physiology

How Anatomy and Physiology Work Together

Human anatomy studies the structures of the body. Some body structures are so small that they can only be seen and examined with a microscope. Others are large enough to be viewed, handled, measured, and weighed. The word anatomy comes from a Greek root meaning “to cut apart.” Early study of the human body began with observing the outside of the body and the injuries seen in soldiers and other patients. Later, physicians were allowed to dissect dead bodies to learn more. Dissection means...

structural organization of the human body: an overview

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Levels of Organization in the Human Body

The human body is organized in levels that build from simple parts to a complete living being. These levels increase in complexity from subatomic particles, atoms, and molecules to organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, and the organism. At the chemical level, scientists study the smallest building blocks of matter. Matter is made of elements, which are pure substances such as hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, nitrogen, calcium, and iron. The smallest unit of an element is an atom, and...

functions of life

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Human life depends on metabolism, movement, development, growth, and reproduction. These functions help the body stay alive, maintain itself, and continue the species. Together, they show how the body uses energy and changes over time. Metabolism is the body’s use of energy and food molecules. It helps the body make fuel for movement, support body functions, and build and maintain body structures. Metabolism includes two kinds of reactions: anabolism and catabolism. Anabolism is the process...

requirements for human life

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Human survival depends on air, water, food, a narrow temperature range, and a narrow range of atmospheric pressure. The Earth and its atmosphere provide these conditions, but the body can only function well when they stay within limits. Oxygen is one of the most important needs. Atmospheric air is only about 20 percent oxygen, but that oxygen supports the chemical reactions that keep the body alive, including the reactions that make ATP. Brain cells are especially sensitive to a lack of oxygen...

what is homeostasis?

Homeostasis and Negative Feedback

Homeostasis keeps the body’s internal conditions stable. The body does this by holding each physiological condition near a set point. A set point is the value around which the normal range changes, and the normal range is the small group of values that is healthiest and most stable. Human body temperature is a common example. Its set point is about 37°C, or 98.6°F, and it can shift a little above or below that point while still staying in range. Negative feedback helps maintain homeostasis.

negative and positive feedback

Feedback Loops in Body Balance

Negative and positive feedback help keep body conditions stable. These feedback loops control many body processes and support homeostasis, which is the maintenance of a steady internal environment. Negative feedback reduces a change and brings a system back toward its normal state. Positive feedback increases a change and pushes a process further in the same direction. Together, they show how the body can fine-tune responses when conditions shift. These control systems are important in many...

homeostatic imbalance

Homeostasis keeps the body’s internal conditions stable so cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems can work properly. The body uses control systems to regulate temperature, blood pressure, pH balance, and fluid balance. These controls depend on feedback loops, which can be positive or negative. Homeostatic imbalance happens when those feedback loops fail and the body can no longer maintain a stable internal environment. Injury, disease, environmental changes, genetic mutations, and aging can...

anatomical terminology

Anatomical Terms and Body Position

Anatomical terms help describe the human body clearly in biology and medicine. Health care professionals and anatomists use this standard language to avoid confusion and to make descriptions more precise. Most anatomical words come from Greek and Latin roots, and these roots usually stay the same because the languages are rarely used in everyday conversation. Many anatomical words are built from a root plus a prefix or suffix. The root often names an organ, tissue, or condition. The prefix or...

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Body positions used in anatomy give a shared way to describe where body parts are and how they face. These standard references help people talk about anatomical structures with the same meaning. The anatomical position is the main reference point for body orientation. In anatomical position, the body stands upright and faces forward. The feet are parallel and flat on the floor. The arms rest at the sides with the palms facing forward, and the head and eyes point forward. The most common...

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body planes

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anatomical movements

Body Joint Motion Terms

Body joint motion terms describe how bones and muscles move at different joints. These standard names make it easier to talk about range of motion in the body. They are used to describe actions at the shoulder, hip, elbow, knee, wrist, fingers, toes, and spine. Flexion and extension are movements in the sagittal plane, also called the anterior-posterior plane. Flexion is the forward bending motion of the head or vertebral column. Extension is the backward movement or straightening of a joint,...

abdominal regions and quadrants

Abdominal Pain and Organ Location

The abdominal cavity is divided into quadrants and regions to help locate organs and describe pain clearly. Clinicians and anatomists use imaginary lines to mark the abdominopelvic cavity. This system makes it easier to communicate about a patient’s symptoms or a suspicious mass. The simpler method divides the area into four quadrants. One horizontal line and one vertical line cross at the umbilicus, or navel. These quadrants are the right upper quadrant, right lower quadrant, left upper...

key terms and concepts

Learn how failed feedback loops cause homeostatic imbalance, from blood glucose problems and dehydration to age-related changes in the hypothalamus.

How Feedback Failure Disrupts Homeostasis | JoVE K12

anatomy and physiology

O JoVE Core Anatomia e Fisiologia apresenta detalhes anatômicos e fisiológicos do corpo humano em animações  abrangentes, claras e envolventes. Esta coleção de vídeos se concentra nas estruturas, componentes, funções e requisitos do corpo humano. É complementada por vídeos de cientistas em ação que demonstram a aplicação desse conhecimento em instalações médicas e de pesquisa do mundo real.

Pennsylvania State Academic Standards

Life Science

Structure and Function

3.1.9-12.C

Louisiana Student Standards for Science

High School

Life Sciences

From Molecules To Organisms: Structures And Processes

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Cell structure and function

Human Anatomy and Physiology

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Minnesota Academic Standards in Science

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From Molecules to Organisms: Structures and Processes

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9-12.B.1.4

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South Carolina College and Career Ready Science Standards

B-LS1-3.

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New York State Science Learning Standards

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How Feedback Failure Disrupts Homeostasis

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