Anal Aperture Access

Anal aperture access is an experimental approach that introduces microorganisms, antigens, or other test materials through the anal opening to study host defenses at the intestinal outlet and hindgut. The delivered material contacts the posterior gut epithelium, where epithelial barriers, resident microbes, and innate immune pathways detect potential threats and generate localized responses such as antimicrobial activity and inflammatory signaling. In immunology and infection research, this method helps distinguish gut-surface immunity from systemic responses, evaluate pathogen colonization or clearance, and investigate how exposure route influences disease outcomes. It can also support controlled studies of host–microbe interactions and intestinal barrier function.

Anal Aperture Access - Related Videos

Education

JoVE Core - Introduction to Psychology

Psychosexual Stages of Personality: Anal

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2025

Sigmund Freud's theory of psychosexual development describes the anal stage as occurring between 18 months and three years of age. During this period, children derive pleasure from controlling and releasing their bowel movements. However, they quickly learn that societal expectations impose restrictions on when and where this can happen. This stage marks a critical point where children begin to develop a sense of control and mastery over their bodily functions, as well as their broader...

Accessibility to Clinical Care for People who use Wheelchairs

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2023

Source: Yetsa Tuakli-Wosornu1,2, Jaideep Talwalkar1; 1Yale School of Medicine, 2University of Pittsburgh In the United States, 25% of the general population suffers from one or another type of disability. Ambulatory disabilities, or mobility impairments, represent the most common subcategory, comprising 14% of the country's populace. Different mobility-assistive devices, ranging from canes to scooters, enable increased independence and improved quality of life for those suffering from mobility...

Central Venous Access Device Dressing Change

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2023

Source: Madeline Lassche, MSNEd, RN and Katie Baraki, MSN, RN, College of Nursing, University of Utah, UT Central venous access devices (CVAD), commonly known as central lines or central catheters, are large-bore intravenous (IV) catheters that are introduced into the central circulation. Typically, CVADs terminate in the superior vena cava, just outside of the right atrium of the heart, but they may also terminate in any one of the great veins (i.e., aorta, inferior vena cava, brachiocephalic...

Research

JoVE Journal - Engineering

Convergent Polishing: A Simple, Rapid, Full Aperture Polishing Process of High Quality Optical Flats & Spheres

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Cited by 11 •

2014

A novel optical polishing process, called “Convergent Polishing”, which enables faster, lower cost polishing, is described. Unlike conventional polishing processes, Convergent Polishing allows a glass workpiece to be polished in a single iteration and with high surface quality to its final surface figure without requiring changes to polishing parameters.

Acupoint Needle-Embedding Combined with Ironing Therapy for Postoperative Pain After Anal Surgery

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Cited by 1 •

2023

The high incidence of pain after anal surgery is due to the physiological structure and pathological status of the anus. At present, the use of painkillers cannot provide satisfactory pain relief, which makes complementary therapy important. This paper proposes acupoint needle-embedding combined with ironing therapy to relieve postoperative pain.

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