Name: Desenvolvimento de Nanovesículas Envolvidas em Membrana por Células-Tronco Mesenquimatosas para Entrega Aprimorada de Genes (Vídeo) | JoVE Journal
Uploaded: 2026-02-17T14:40:00.000+00:00
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Description: Aprenda a preparar nanovesículos derivadas de células-tronco mesenquimatosas que encapsulam vetores AAV para entrega gênica aprimorada. Este método oferece maior eficiência e escalabilidade para aplicações em terapia gênica.

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<ol><li>Wang, D., Tai, P. W. L., Gao, G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Adeno-associated+virus+vector+as+a+platform+for+gene+therapy+delivery%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Nat+Rev+Drug+Discov%22%5BJournal%5D)">Adeno-associated virus vector as a platform for gene therapy delivery.</a> Nat Rev Drug Discov. 18 (5), 358-378 (2019).</li>
<li>Li, C., Samulski, R. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Engineering+adeno-associated+virus+vectors+for+gene+therapy%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Nat+Rev+Genet%22%5BJournal%5D)">Engineering adeno-associated virus vectors for gene therapy.</a> Nat Rev Genet. 21 (4), 255-272 (2020).</li>
<li>Mendell, J. R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Current+clinical+applications+of+in+vivo+gene+therapy+with+AAVs%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Mol+Ther%22%5BJournal%5D)">Current clinical applications of in vivo gene therapy with AAVs.</a> Mol Ther. 29 (2), 464-488 (2021).</li>
<li>Crunkhorn, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Profiling+aav+tropism%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Nat+Rev+Drug+Discov%22%5BJournal%5D)">Profiling aav tropism.</a> Nat Rev Drug Discov. 22 (3), 183(2023).</li>
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<li>McCarty, D. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Self-complementary+AAV+vectors%3B+advances+and+applications%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Mol+Ther%22%5BJournal%5D)">Self-complementary AAV vectors; advances and applications.</a> Mol Ther. 16 (10), 1648-1656 (2008).</li>
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<li>Louis Jeune, V., Joergensen, J. A., Hajjar, R. J., Weber, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Pre-existing+anti-adeno-associated+virus+antibodies+as+a+challenge+in+AAV+gene+therapy%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Hum+Gene+Ther+Methods%22%5BJournal%5D)">Pre-existing anti-adeno-associated virus antibodies as a challenge in AAV gene therapy.</a> Hum Gene Ther Methods. 24 (2), 59-67 (2013).</li>
<li>Wei, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Prevalence+of+adeno-associated+virus-9-neutralizing+antibody+in+Chinese+patients+with+Duchenne+muscular+dystrophy%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Hum+Gene+Ther%22%5BJournal%5D)">Prevalence of adeno-associated virus-9-neutralizing antibody in Chinese patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.</a> Hum Gene Ther. 35 (1-2), 26-35 (2024).</li>
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<li>Zhao, W., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Engineering+sialylated+N-glycans+on+adeno-associated+virus+capsids+for+targeted+gene+delivery+and+therapeutic+applications%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22J+Control+Release%22%5BJournal%5D)">Engineering sialylated N-glycans on adeno-associated virus capsids for targeted gene delivery and therapeutic applications.</a> J Control Release. 380, 563-578 (2025).</li>
<li>Liu, B., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Aav-containing+exosomes+as+a+novel+vector+for+improved+gene+delivery+to+lung+cancer+cells%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Front+Cell+Dev+Biol%22%5BJournal%5D)">Aav-containing exosomes as a novel vector for improved gene delivery to lung cancer cells.</a> Front Cell Dev Biol. 9, 707607(2021).</li>
<li>Li, X. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Extracellular+vesicle-encapsulated+adeno-associated+viruses+for+therapeutic+gene+delivery+to+the+heart%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Circulation%22%5BJournal%5D)">Extracellular vesicle-encapsulated adeno-associated viruses for therapeutic gene delivery to the heart.</a> Circulation. 148 (5), 405-425 (2023).</li>
<li>Wang, W., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Intravitreal+injection+of+an+exosome-associated+adeno-associated+viral+vector+enhances+retinoschisin+1+gene+transduction+in+the+mouse+retina%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Hum+Gene+Ther%22%5BJournal%5D)">Intravitreal injection of an exosome-associated adeno-associated viral vector enhances retinoschisin 1 gene transduction in the mouse retina.</a> Hum Gene Ther. 32 (13-14), 707-716 (2021).</li>
<li>Breuer, C. B., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((In+vivo+engineering+of+lymphocytes+after+systemic+exosome-associated+AAV+delivery%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Sci+Rep%22%5BJournal%5D)">In vivo engineering of lymphocytes after systemic exosome-associated AAV delivery.</a> Sci Rep. 10 (1), 4544(2020).</li>
<li>Cheng, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Probing+aspects+of+extracellular+vesicle-associated+AAV+allows+increased+vector+yield+and+insight+into+its+transduction+and+immune-evasive+properties%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Mol+Ther+Methods+Clin+Dev%22%5BJournal%5D)">Probing aspects of extracellular vesicle-associated AAV allows increased vector yield and insight into its transduction and immune-evasive properties.</a> Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev. 33 (1), 101407(2025).</li>
<li>Elmore, Z. C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((The+membrane-associated+accessory+protein+is+an+adeno-associated+viral+egress+factor%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Nat+Commun%22%5BJournal%5D)">The membrane-associated accessory protein is an adeno-associated viral egress factor.</a> Nat Commun. 12 (1), 6239(2021).</li>
<li>Deshetty, U. M., Sil, S., Buch, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Gene+therapy+for+the+heart%3A+Encapsulated+viruses+to+the+rescue%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Extracell+Vesicles+Circ+Nucl+Acids%22%5BJournal%5D)">Gene therapy for the heart: Encapsulated viruses to the rescue.</a> Extracell Vesicles Circ Nucl Acids. 5 (1), 114-118 (2024).</li>
<li>Fan, X., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Targeted+repair+of+spinal+cord+injury+based+on+miR-124-3p-loaded+mesoporous+silica+camouflaged+by+stem+cell+membrane+modified+with+rabies+virus+glycoprotein%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Adv+Sci+%28Weinh%29%22%5BJournal%5D)">Targeted repair of spinal cord injury based on miR-124-3p-loaded mesoporous silica camouflaged by stem cell membrane modified with rabies virus glycoprotein.</a> Adv Sci (Weinh). 11 (21), e2309305(2024).</li>
<li>Yao, C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Self-assembly+of+stem+cell+membrane-camouflaged+nanocomplex+for+microRNA-mediated+repair+of+myocardial+infarction+injury%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Biomaterials%22%5BJournal%5D)">Self-assembly of stem cell membrane-camouflaged nanocomplex for microRNA-mediated repair of myocardial infarction injury.</a> Biomaterials. , 257-120256 (2020).</li>
<li>Tian, Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Biomimetic+mesenchymal+stem+cell+membrane-coated+nanoparticle+delivery+of+mkp5+inhibits+hepatic+fibrosis+through+the+Ire%2Fxbp1+pathway%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22J+Nanobiotechnology%22%5BJournal%5D)">Biomimetic mesenchymal stem cell membrane-coated nanoparticle delivery of mkp5 inhibits hepatic fibrosis through the Ire/xbp1 pathway.</a> J Nanobiotechnology. 22 (1), 741(2024).</li>
<li>Kang, K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Exosomes+secreted+from+CXCR4+overexpressing+mesenchymal+stem+cells+promote+cardioprotection+via+akt+signaling+pathway+following+myocardial+infarction%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Stem+Cells+Int%22%5BJournal%5D)">Exosomes secreted from CXCR4 overexpressing mesenchymal stem cells promote cardioprotection via akt signaling pathway following myocardial infarction.</a> Stem Cells Int. 2015, 659890(2015).</li>
<li>Han, X., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Mesenchymal+stem+cells+in+treating+human+diseases%3A+Molecular+mechanisms+and+clinical+studies%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Signal+Transduct+Target+Ther%22%5BJournal%5D)">Mesenchymal stem cells in treating human diseases: Molecular mechanisms and clinical studies.</a> Signal Transduct Target Ther. 10 (1), 262(2025).</li>
<li>Ong, S. G., Chitneni, M., Lee, K. S., Ming, L. C., Yuen, K. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Evaluation+of+extrusion+technique+for+nanosizing+liposomes%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Pharmaceutics%22%5BJournal%5D)">Evaluation of extrusion technique for nanosizing liposomes.</a> Pharmaceutics. 8 (4), 36(2016).</li>
<li>Tackenberg, M. W., Kleinebud, P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Encapsulation+of+liquids+via+extrusion--A+review%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Curr+Pharm+Des%22%5BJournal%5D)">Encapsulation of liquids via extrusion--A review.</a> Curr Pharm Des. 21 (40), 5815-5828 (2015).</li>
<li>Bai, J. -J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Dean-flow-coupled+elasto-inertial+focusing+accelerates+exosome+purification+to+facilitate+single+vesicle+profiling%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Anal+Chem%22%5BJournal%5D)">Dean-flow-coupled elasto-inertial focusing accelerates exosome purification to facilitate single vesicle profiling.</a> Anal Chem. 95 (4), 2523-2531 (2023).</li>
<li>He, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Biomimetic+gene+delivery+system+coupled+with+extracellular+vesicle-encapsulated+AAV+for+improving+diabetic+wound+through+promoting+vascularization+and+remodeling+of+inflammatory+microenvironment%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22J+Nanobiotechnology%22%5BJournal%5D)">Biomimetic gene delivery system coupled with extracellular vesicle-encapsulated AAV for improving diabetic wound through promoting vascularization and remodeling of inflammatory microenvironment.</a> J Nanobiotechnology. 23 (1), 242(2025).</li>
<li>Smith, S. M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Functional+equivalence+of+stem+cell+and+stem+cell-derived+extracellular+vesicle+transplantation+to+repair+the+irradiated+brain%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Stem+Cells+Transl+Med%22%5BJournal%5D)">Functional equivalence of stem cell and stem cell-derived extracellular vesicle transplantation to repair the irradiated brain.</a> Stem Cells Transl Med. 9 (1), 93-105 (2020).</li>
<li>Liang, Y., Lehrich, B. M., Zheng, S., Lu, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Emerging+methods+in+biomarker+identification+for+extracellular+vesicle-based+liquid+biopsy%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22J+Extracell+Vesicles%22%5BJournal%5D)">Emerging methods in biomarker identification for extracellular vesicle-based liquid biopsy.</a> J Extracell Vesicles. 10 (7), e12090(2021).</li>
<li>Verma, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Seroprevalence+of+adeno-associated+virus+neutralizing+antibodies+in+males+with+Duchenne+muscular+dystrophy%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Hum+Gene+Ther%22%5BJournal%5D)">Seroprevalence of adeno-associated virus neutralizing antibodies in males with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.</a> Hum Gene Ther. 34 (9-10), 430-438 (2023).</li>
<li>Yan, B., Liang, Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((New+therapeutics+for+extracellular+vesicles%3A+Delivering+CRISPR+for+cancer+treatment%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Int+J+Mol+Sci%22%5BJournal%5D)">New therapeutics for extracellular vesicles: Delivering CRISPR for cancer treatment.</a> Int J Mol Sci. 23 (24), 15758(2022).</li>
<li>Hu, C. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Erythrocyte+membrane-camouflaged+polymeric+nanoparticles+as+a+biomimetic+delivery+platform%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Proc+Natl+Acad+Sci+U+S+A%22%5BJournal%5D)">Erythrocyte membrane-camouflaged polymeric nanoparticles as a biomimetic delivery platform.</a> Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 108 (27), 10980-10985 (2011).</li>
<li>Aryal, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Erythrocyte+membrane-cloaked+polymeric+nanoparticles+for+controlled+drug+loading+and+release%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Nanomedicine+%28Lond%29%22%5BJournal%5D)">Erythrocyte membrane-cloaked polymeric nanoparticles for controlled drug loading and release.</a> Nanomedicine (Lond). 8 (8), 1271-1280 (2013).</li>
<li>Zhang, W., Huang, X. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Stem+cell+membrane-camouflaged+targeted+delivery+system+in+tumor%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Mater+Today+Bio%22%5BJournal%5D)">Stem cell membrane-camouflaged targeted delivery system in tumor.</a> Mater Today Bio. 16, 100377(2022).</li>
</ol>

<table><tbody><tr><td>Bioluminescence imaging system</td><td>PerkinElmer</td><td>IVIS Spectrum optical imaging system (Lumina III)&nbsp;</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>D-Luciferin potassium salt</td><td>Yeasen Biotechnology</td><td>40902ES03</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Fetal bovine serum&nbsp;</td><td>Yeasen Biotechnology</td><td>40130ES76</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Fluorescence microscope</td><td>Zeiss&nbsp;</td><td>Axio Observer 7</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Formvar/carbon-coated copper grid 200 mesh</td><td>Millipore-Sigma</td><td>TEM-FCF400CU</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Glutaraldehyde&nbsp;</td><td>Millipore-Sigma</td><td>354400</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>HBSS&nbsp;</td><td>Gibco</td><td>C14175500BT</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Hieff Unicon qPCR TaqMan Probe Master Mix</td><td>Yeasen Biotechnology</td><td>11205ES08</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>High-glucose Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium</td><td>Hyclone</td><td>SH30243</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>High-speed centrifuge</td><td>Beckman Coulter</td><td>Avanti J-E</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Hoechst 33342&nbsp;</td><td>Beyotime</td><td>C1022</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>NTA instrument</td><td>Malvern Panalytical</td><td>NanoSight NS300&nbsp;</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Open-top thinwall ultra-clear tube for ultracentrifuge&nbsp;</td><td>Beckman Coulter</td><td>344059</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>OptiPrep iodixanol&nbsp;</td><td>Millipore-Sigma</td><td>D1556</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Paraformaldehyde 4%</td><td>Beyotime</td><td>P0099</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>PBS</td><td>Biosharp</td><td>BL302A</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Penicillin-streptomycin&nbsp;</td><td>Millipore-Sigma</td><td>V900929</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>qPCR instrument</td><td>Applied Biosystems&nbsp;</td><td>QS6 real-time PCR system&nbsp;</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Rotor for high-speed centrifuge</td><td>Beckman Coulter</td><td>JA-25.50&nbsp;</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>SW 41 Ti Swing-bucket rotor for ultracentrifuge&nbsp;</td><td>Beckman Coulter</td><td>331362</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Transmission electron microscope&nbsp;</td><td>JEOL</td><td>JEM-2100F&nbsp;</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Ultracentrifuge</td><td>Beckman Coulter</td><td>Optima XE-100</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Uranyl acetate&nbsp;</td><td>Electron Microscopy Sciences</td><td>NC1375332</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Whatman Nuclepore polycarbonate membranes filters (200 nm)</td><td>Cytiva</td><td>10417004</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Whatman Nuclepore polycarbonate membranes filters (400 nm)</td><td>Cytiva</td><td>10417104</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

desenvolvimento de nanovesículas envolvidas em membrana por células-tronco mesenquimatosas para entrega aprimorada de genes

Development of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Membrane-Enveloped Nanovesicles for Enhanced Gene Delivery

Desenvolvimento de Nanovesículas Envolvidas em Membrana por Células-Tronco Mesenquimatosas para Entrega Aprimorada de Genes

Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) hold great promise for therapeutic applications and regenerative medicine. EVs are ...

development-mesenchymal-stem-cell-membrane-enveloped-nanovesicles-for

Research

JoVE Journal

Bioengineering

Bioengenharia

Descreve-se o método de células-tronco de programação para superexpressão fatores terapêuticos para angiogênese utilizando nanopartículas poliméricas biodegradáveis. Processos descritos incluem a síntese do polímero, a transfecção de células estaminais derivadas de tecido adiposo, in vitro, e para validar a eficácia das células estaminais programadas para promover a angiogénese num modelo de isquemia dos membros posteriores de murino.

Células-tronco de programação para Therapeutic angiogênese Usando nanopartículas poliméricas biodegradáveis

Deformação mecânica rápida de células surgiu como um método promissor, livre do vector para a entrega intracelular de macromoléculas e nanomateriais. Este protocolo fornece etapas detalhadas sobre como usar o sistema para uma ampla gama de aplicações.

Espremendo celular como uma plataforma de entrega intracelular Robust Microfluidic

Este protocolo descreve um sistema de transplante de células usando esferoides injetáveis geneticamente modificados. Os esferoides celulares são cultivados em placas de cultura micropadronizadas e recuperados após a introdução do gene usando nanomicelas poliplex. Este sistema facilita a expressão prolongada do transgene das células transplantadas em animais hospedeiros, mantendo a função inata das células.

A transfecção Gene direção Células Spheroid em placas micropadronadas Cultura para Transplante de Células geneticamente modificados

Este manuscrito descreve a entrega eficiente, não-viral de miR a células endoteliais por um vector de PEI / MNP e a sua magnetização. Assim, em adição à modificação genética, esta abordagem permite a orientação celular magnética e ressonância magnética detectabilidade. A técnica pode ser usada para melhorar as características de produtos de células terapêuticas.

preparação e<em&gt; In Vitro</em&gt; Caracterização de magnetizado miR-modificado Células Endoteliais

As doenças relacionadas à idade estão associadas a múltiplos defeitos nos componentes do citoplasma. Aqui, apresentamos um protocolo para preparar vesículas de membranas plasmáticas de células estaminais mesenquimais de medula óssea. Esta técnica poderia potencialmente ser utilizada como um meio de terapia de substituição do citoplasma para melhorar ou mesmo reverter fenotipos associados à idade.

Preparação de Vesículas de Membranas Plasmáticas de Células-Tronco Mesenquimais de Medula Óssea para Terapia Potencial de Substituição de Citoplasma

Este protocolo ilustra um procedimento seguro e eficiente para modificar CD133+ células-tronco hematopoiéticas. A apresentado não-virais, magnética polyplex abordagem pode fornecer uma base para a otimização dos efeitos terapêuticos células-tronco, bem como acompanhamento do produto celular administrado via ressonância magnética.

Protocolo para transferência de MicroRNA na medula óssea-derivado hematopoiéticas células-tronco adultas para habilitar celular engenharia combinada com alvo magnético

Aqui descrevemos um protocolo para a geração de nanoliposomes catiônico, o qual se baseia o método seco-filme e pode ser usado para o cofre e entrega eficiente do in vitro transcrito de RNA mensageiro.

Geração de Nanoliposomes catiônica para a entrega eficiente de In Vitro transcrito de RNA mensageiro

Este artigo descreve o encapsulamento de falcarindiol em revestidos de lipídeos 74 nm nanopartículas. A absorção celular das nanopartículas por células-tronco humanas em gotículas lipídicas é monitorada por imagem fluorescente e confocal. Nanopartículas são fabricadas pelo método de injeção rápida do solvente de movimento, e seu tamanho é medido com a técnica de espalhamento de luz dinâmica.

Captação de novas nanopartículas revestidos de lipídeos contendo Falcarindiol por células-tronco mesenquimais humanas

Desenvolvemos um protocolo simples e barato para carregar complexos de ribonucleoproteína Cas9/guia único (sgRNA) dentro de partículas semelhantes a vírus. Essas partículas, chamadas "Nanoblades", permitem a entrega eficiente do complexo Cas9/sgRNA em células imortalizadas e primárias, bem como in vivo.

Entrega do Complexo cas9/sgRNA Ribonucleoproteína em Células Imortalizadas e Primárias através de Partículas semelhantes a vírus ("Nanoblades")

Aqui, apresentamos uma abordagem de terapia gênica que fornece quitosana revestida com ABE diretamente na medula óssea por injeção intraóssea.

Entrega e expressão gênica aprimoradas usando injeção intraóssea de nanopartículas de quitosana encapsuladas em plasmídeos editores de base de adenina

Aprenda a preparar nanovesículos derivadas de células-tronco mesenquimatosas que encapsulam vetores AAV para entrega gênica aprimorada. Este método oferece maior eficiência e escalabilidade para aplicações em terapia gênica.

Desenvolvimento de Nanovesículas Envolvidas em Membrana por Células-Tronco Mesenquimatosas para Entrega Aprimorada de Genes

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