Расстройство аутистического спектра

Autism spectrum disorder, or ASD, is characterized by persistent difficulties in social communication and interaction, including reduced social bonding or a lack of interest in physical closeness during infancy, delayed speech development in children, and communication struggles in adulthood.

It also involves restricted and repetitive behaviors, including hand-flapping, an intense focus on specific interests such as trains or history, repetitive activities like opening or closing a door, and resistance to change.

The severity and manifestation of symptoms vary widely among individuals.

Genes linked to autism affect synaptic circuits for brain communication.

Environmental factors, including prenatal exposure to chemicals or infections and parental age, may contribute to autism risk by causing gene mutations.

Psychological theories highlight deficits in theory of mind, reduced social motivation, and sensory processing differences, emphasizing challenges in social cognition, attention to social cues, and managing overwhelming sensory experiences.