Pulmonic Area
Pulmonic Area - Related Videos
06:24
Cardiac Exam II: Auscultation
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2023
Source: Suneel Dhand, MD, Attending Physician, Internal Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Proficiency in the use of a stethoscope to listen to heart sounds and the ability to differentiate between normal and abnormal heart sounds are essential skills for any physician. Correct placement of the stethoscope on the chest corresponds to the sound of cardiac valves closing. The heart has two main sounds: S1 and S2. The first heart sound (S1) occurs as the mitral and tricuspid valves...
10:51
Cardiac Exam III: Abnormal Heart Sounds
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2023
Source: Suneel Dhand, MD, Attending Physician, Internal Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Having a fundamental understanding of normal heart sounds is the first step toward distinguishing the normal from the abnormal. Murmurs are sounds that represent turbulent and abnormal blood flow across a heart valve. They are caused either by stenosis (valve area too narrow) or regurgitation (backflow of blood across the valve) and are commonly heard as a "swishing" sound during auscultation.
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Cited by 2 •
2018
This article presents a protocol for the synthesis of bis(thiourea) cadmium chloride crystals by chemical bath deposition. Two experiments are described: one aided by ultraviolet light compared to one without ultraviolet light.
09:25
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09:38
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The integration of conductive nanoparticles, such as graphene nanoplatelets, into glass fiber composite materials creates an intrinsic electrical network susceptible to strain. Here, different methods to obtain strain sensors based on the addition of graphene nanoplatelets into the epoxy matrix or as a coating on glass fabrics are proposed.
FAQs
During systole, blood moving through the pulmonary valve produces flow-related sounds, which may become more noticeable when flow is altered. At the end of systole, pulmonary valve closure contributes to the pulmonic component of S2, the second heart sound. Assessing these events separately helps clinicians relate an audible finding to a specific phase of the cardiac cycle.
A murmur can occur when blood flow becomes turbulent rather than smoothly directed through the pulmonary outflow pathway. In this area, the sound may therefore reflect altered flow across or beyond the pulmonary valve. Recognizing that relationship helps clinicians consider pulmonary stenosis and other conditions that affect right ventricular outflow or pulmonary circulation.
The pulmonic area provides a useful location for evaluating the pulmonary contribution to S2. An abnormal split in this sound is clinically relevant because it may accompany changes involving pulmonary pressure, pulmonary valve function, or congenital heart disease. The finding does not establish one diagnosis by itself, but it can guide further cardiovascular assessment and follow-up.
Clinicians listen during systole for flow sounds or murmurs and then assess the second heart sound, including its pulmonic component. They interpret what they hear in relation to the pulmonary valve and right ventricular outflow tract. This focused assessment can identify findings that warrant correlation with the broader cardiovascular examination.
Abnormal sounds in this region may support evaluation for pulmonary stenosis, increased pulmonary pressure, congenital heart disease, or abnormal splitting of S2. The site is therefore useful as part of cardiovascular diagnosis rather than as an isolated test. Findings can also contribute to follow-up when clinicians monitor an established or suspected cardiac abnormality.
Auscultation at the pulmonic area connects audible findings with blood ejection through the pulmonary valve, valve closure, and right ventricular outflow. Clinicians can document whether flow sounds, murmurs, or S2 abnormalities are present and use those observations alongside the rest of the examination. Repeated assessment may help track clinically relevant cardiac findings over time.