Axenic Conditions
Axenic Conditions - Related Videos
09:34
Rearing the Fruit Fly Drosophila melanogaster Under Axenic and Gnotobiotic Conditions
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Cited by 128 •
2016
A method for rearing Drosophila melanogaster under axenic and gnotobiotic conditions is presented. Fly embryos are dechorionated in sodium hypochlorite, transferred aseptically to sterile diet, and reared in closed containers. Inoculating diet and embryos with bacteria leads to gnotobiotic associations, and bacterial presence is confirmed by plating whole-body Drosophila homogenates.
05:58
Rearing Axenic Delia antiqua with Half-Fermented Sterile Diets
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Cited by 3 •
2023
A simple procedure for rearing axenic Delia antiqua with half-fermented sterile diets is described. Only one Wolbachia strain was detected in each instar of axenic D. antiqua using PCR.
06:46
Fear Conditioning
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2023
Fear Conditioning is a type of learning in which an association is established between a negative unpleasant event and a harmless stimulus. This leads to a fear of the harmless stimulus. This process is largely mediated by the amygdala, which is a brain region involved in emotions and stress reactions. Fear conditioning can be utilized in several ways to understand different aspects of learning and memory. This video presents an overview of the principles behind fear conditioning, discusses the...
08:26
Culturing Caenorhabditis elegans in Axenic Liquid Media and Creation of Transgenic Worms by Microparticle Bombardment
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Cited by 20 •
2014
C. elegans is usually grown on solid agar plates or in liquid cultures seeded with E. coli. To prevent bacterial byproducts from confounding toxicological and nutritional studies, we utilized an axenic liquid medium, CeHR, to grow and synchronize a large number of worms for a range of downstream applications.
01:18
Classical Conditioning
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2024
Associative learning, a core principle in behavioral psychology, involves forming connections between events and facilitating learned responses. This concept is vividly illustrated by classical conditioning, a process extensively studied by the Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov. Pavlov's pioneering research on dogs' digestive systems led to the discovery that behaviors can be learned through association, laying the groundwork for classical conditioning. Ivan Pavlov observed that dogs salivated...
FAQs
Removing bacteria, fungi, and other living organisms helps separate effects generated by the subject’s own genes and tissues from effects associated with microbes. This distinction is especially important when assessing growth, differentiation, or developmental timing, because microbial presence could otherwise contribute to observed changes. The resulting comparisons provide a clearer basis for interpreting developmental mechanisms.
Researchers can compare a system maintained without associated organisms with a corresponding colonized system. Differences between these conditions can indicate developmental processes influenced by microbes, while shared outcomes are more consistent with activity intrinsic to the subject. This paired approach connects controlled developmental analysis with the study of host–microbe interactions.
Sterilized materials, defined culture media, controlled handling, and routine monitoring work together to preserve the intended biological state. Sterilization limits introduction of unwanted organisms, defined media provides a consistent culture environment, and careful handling reduces exposure during manipulation. Monitoring is necessary because bacteria, fungi, or other contaminants can compromise the interpretation of developmental results.
A typical workflow begins with sterilized materials and a defined culture medium, followed by controlled handling of the biological subject during culture. Researchers then maintain the system under these conditions and monitor it routinely for contamination. This sequence supports experiments in which developmental observations can be attributed more confidently to the subject and its controlled environment.
Routine monitoring provides the means to identify whether unwanted bacteria, fungi, or other organisms have entered the culture. Maintaining sterilized materials, defined media, and controlled handling helps prevent such events, while continued checks assess whether the system remains suitable for analysis. If contamination occurs, developmental measurements may no longer represent the intended axenic comparison.
This approach supports investigations of growth, tissue differentiation, and developmental timing while also enabling focused studies of host–microbe interactions. In developmental biology, researchers can use the controlled system to examine outcomes without microbial interference and then compare them with colonized conditions. Such comparisons help reveal whether microbes alter particular stages or developmental processes.