Air Bubbles
Air Bubbles - Related Videos
01:13
Excess Pressure Inside a Drop and a Bubble
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2023
The shape of a small drop of liquid can be considered spherical, neglecting the effect of gravity. This drop can further be considered as two equal hemispherical drops put together due to surface tension. The forces acting on the spherical drop are due to the pressure of the liquid inside the drop, the pressure due to air outside the drop, and the force due to the surface tension acting on the two hemispherical drops. where γ corresponds to the surface tension. Recalling that the force per...
08:19
Induction of Microstreaming by Nonspherical Bubble Oscillations in an Acoustic Levitation System
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Cited by 2 •
2021
A fast and reliable technique is proposed to control the shape oscillations of a single, trapped acoustic bubble that is based on coalescence technique between two bubbles. The steady-state, symmetry-controlled bubble shape oscillations allow analysis of the fluid flow generated in the vicinity of the bubble interface.
07:05
Handling Air- and Water-Sensitive Chemicals Using a Schlenk Line
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2023
Robert M Rioux, Ajay Sathe, Zhifeng Chen, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA The use of reagents sensitive to oxidation or moisture necessitates the use of air-free techniques. A Schlenk line is a routinely used glass apparatus to perform air and moisture free manipulations in a chemical laboratory1. The Schlenk line is widely utilized by many chemists since it allows them conduct air or water sensitive reactions even without the expense and restriction of a glove box. The...
01:27
Air-entraining Agents
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2024
Air-entraining agents improve the durability and workability of concrete in climates with frequent freezing and thawing. These agents prevent cracks by introducing small air bubbles into the mix, creating spaces accommodating water expansion when temperatures drop. The air-entraining agents lower the surface tension of water, forming stable, small air bubbles. This method is more effective than having accidental large voids, as the intentional, smaller, and evenly distributed air voids improve...
07:18
Lipid Bilayer Experiments with Contact Bubble Bilayers for Patch-Clampers
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Cited by 12 •
2019
Here, we present a protocol for the formation of lipid bilayers using a contact bubble bilayer method. A water bubble is blown into an organic solvent, whereby a monolayer is formed at the water-oil interface. Two pipettes are manipulated to dock the bubbles to form a bilayer.
FAQs
Bubble behavior in a liquid reflects a balance among pressure differences, buoyancy, and surface tension. Pressure differences can drive motion, while buoyancy promotes rising and surface tension resists changes in shape. Their interaction determines whether a bubble remains relatively stable, deforms, or contributes to breakup, which directly affects transport and energy dissipation in multiphase engineering flows.
Changes in temperature or ambient pressure can shift gas solubility, causing dissolved gas to leave the liquid and form bubbles. This links operating conditions to nucleation, followed by possible growth as gas accumulates. Engineers therefore treat pressure and temperature as important variables when analyzing bubble formation, especially in systems where gas release can alter flow behavior or performance.
As bubbles move through a liquid, they may deform under the combined influence of pressure, buoyancy, and surface tension. Breakup changes the distribution of gas within the flow, increasing the relevance of bubble interfaces to mixing, heat transfer, and mass transfer. These changes also affect drag and energy dissipation, making bubble shape and stability important engineering considerations.
Unintended air bubbles can lower pump efficiency and weaken materials, rather than serving a controlled process function. Under conditions associated with cavitation, bubbles may also contribute to damage. This contrasts with designed uses, where engineers introduce or retain bubbles to support aeration, flotation, or transfer processes. Distinguishing controlled from unwanted bubbles helps frame system design and reliability.
Controlled air bubbles support aeration and flotation, where the presence of gas helps enable the intended process. Bubble columns use a gas-liquid arrangement for engineering operations, while microfluidic devices exploit bubbles at small scales. The same controllable behavior also supports medical and industrial imaging, showing that bubble applications span processing, fluid handling, and visualization.
Studying bubbles helps engineers evaluate their effects on drag, mixing, heat transfer, mass transfer, and energy dissipation within multiphase flows. These outcomes connect bubble behavior to system-level performance rather than treating bubbles as isolated features. The information is useful for judging whether bubbles enhance a desired operation, such as aeration, or create penalties such as reduced pump efficiency.