Real-time Target Adjustment
Real-time Target Adjustment - Related Videos
10:51
Real-time fMRI Biofeedback Targeting the Orbitofrontal Cortex for Contamination Anxiety
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Cited by 32 •
2012
Here we present a method for training people to control a brain area involved in contamination anxiety and for probing the relationship between contamination anxiety and brain connectivity patterns.
08:16
Movement Retraining using Real-time Feedback of Performance
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Cited by 4 •
2013
Retraining abnormal movement patterns following injury or disease is a key component of physical rehabilitation. Recent advances in technology have permitted accurate assessment of movement during a variety of tasks, with near instantaneous quantification of results. This provides new opportunities for modification of faulty movement patterns in real time.
07:05
A Protocol for the Administration of Real-Time fMRI Neurofeedback Training
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Cited by 5 •
2017
The ability to induce and/or control neural plasticity may be critical in future treatments for neurologic disorders and the recovery from brain injury. In this paper, we present a protocol on the use of neurofeedback training with functional magnetic resonance imaging to modulate human brain function.
03:11
A Real-Time In Vitro Cytolysis Assay to Evaluate the Potency of CAR T Cells
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2025
This video demonstrates a method for monitoring CAR T cell activity against cancer cells through real-time electrical impedance measurements. Tracking changes in impedance assesses the effectiveness of CAR T cells in inducing cancer cell cytolysis, providing insights into their cytotoxic capabilities.
02:24
Real-Time Microendoscopic Calcium Imaging in a Freely Moving Mouse
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2025
Source: Lee, H. et. al., Successful In vivo Calcium Imaging with a Head-Mount Miniaturized Microscope in the Amygdala of Freely Behaving Mouse. J. Vis. Exp. (2020)This video demonstrates in vivo calcium imaging in a mouse using a gradient refractive index, or GRIN lens, and a miniaturized microscope. The setup combines head fixation within a frictionless mobile cage system, stimulating neurons and triggering calcium ion influx. The GRIN lens captures calcium signaling in the brain, enabling...
FAQs
The strategy operates as a feedback loop: live imaging, tracking, or physiologic measurements provide current information, which is compared with the treatment plan. If the observed target or patient state changes, the system can guide an update to target location, target size, or treatment parameters. Defined safety limits constrain those changes, supporting controlled delivery rather than unrestricted adjustment.
Anatomical change concerns where a target is positioned or how its size appears, whereas physiologic change concerns measurable biological state or response. Real-time target adjustment can account for either type of change by using the corresponding live information to revise delivery. This distinction matters when a planned target no longer matches the patient’s current condition.
Safety limits turn feedback into a controlled clinical decision rather than an unlimited response to every measurement. They define the boundaries within which location, size, or treatment parameters may be changed while care continues. This is important because real-time information can reveal motion or response, yet adjustments must remain consistent with the defined conditions governing delivery.
First, clinicians establish a treatment plan and identify the target. During care, live imaging, tracking, or physiologic measurements are collected and interpreted for motion or response. When the information indicates a relevant change, delivery parameters or the target representation can be updated within safety limits. The intervention then continues using the revised plan.
Core inputs include a treatment plan together with live imaging, tracking data, or physiologic measurements. These sources provide the current information needed to recognize changes in target position, size, motion, or biological response. Combining them links observation to delivery, allowing the clinical team or control system to determine whether an adjustment remains within the permitted safety limits.
The approach is relevant to image-guided procedures, radiotherapy, and other precisely targeted interventions. It is particularly useful when tumors, organs, or biological signals may change during treatment, because those changes can affect alignment or delivery. Applying current measurements to the treatment plan helps maintain targeting when the patient’s anatomy or physiology does not remain constant.
By responding to target motion or treatment-related changes, real-time target adjustment may improve alignment between the planned and current target. It can potentially increase treatment accuracy, spare surrounding tissue, and help maintain effectiveness when anatomy or biological signals change. These outcomes depend on the quality of live information and on adjustments remaining within defined safety limits.