Obesity

Obesity is a clinical condition marked by excessive body fat, with a BMI of 30 or higher, while a BMI of 18.5 to 24.9 is considered healthy.

Excess calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in adipose cells, often leading to their enlargement.

Once these cells reach their size limit, they begin to proliferate, leading to extreme obesity.

Obesity is associated with insulin resistance and an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Their adipose cells have more alpha-adrenergic receptors and release inflammatory cytokines, which can promote insulin resistance.

Additionally, they have highly efficient lipoprotein lipases, making it easier to break down triglycerides and store them as fatty acids.

Obese individuals are also more prone to atherosclerosis, hypertension, heart disease, and osteoarthritis.

Several factors may contribute to obesity.

Sometimes, tumors in the hypothalamus, which regulates food intake, can result in obesity. 

In a few cases, genetic predisposition is also a factor. Overeating during childhood is also associated with developing obesity later in life.