Jealousy in Romantic Relationships

Jealousy is a negative emotional state triggered by the fear that a romantic partner may transfer affection or loyalty to someone else.

A major trigger for jealousy is infidelity–a partner’s betrayal through physical or emotional intimacy with another person.

It negatively affects both mental and physical health, often contributing to increased depression and, in many cases, leading to divorce.

Research suggests that jealousy arises when social rejection—real or anticipated—threatens a person's self-esteem. Men and women tend to experience jealousy in different ways.

From an evolutionary perspective, men are more distressed by sexual infidelity, as it raises the risk of raising non-biological children.

In contrast, women are more troubled by emotional infidelity, fearing their partner may leave and withdraw financial support.

Regardless of gender, jealousy intensifies when individuals perceive a scarcity of potential mates rather than an abundance.

Additionally, studies show that individuals with greater power and status are more likely to engage in infidelity—both in thought and behavior—due to increased self-confidence.