Induction of Traumatic Brain Injury in a Rat Model Using a Lateral Fluid Percussion Device

Abstract

Source: McGuire, M. J., et al. Use of a Wireless Video-EEG System to Monitor Epileptiform Discharges Following Lateral Fluid-Percussion Induced Traumatic Brain Injury. J. Vis. Exp. (2019)

This video demonstrates the induction of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in a rat using a lateral fluid percussion injury (FPI) device. The procedure involves creating a hole in the skull of an anesthetized rat to expose the dura mater, onto which a cannula is attached. The rat is then connected to the device, which generates a pressure wave that reaches the brain, mimicking TBI by causing neural cell death and vascular damage

Protocol

1. Fluid percussion injury

1. Wear a lab coat or surgical gown, surgical mask, surgical gloves, and head covering and sterilize all tools and materials that contact the surgical site.
2. Anesthetize a 10-12-week-old, male, Wistar rat (350-400 g) with 3% isoflurane and 1 L/min oxygen in an induction chamber of appropriate size for rats. Remove the rat from the induction chamber and move it to the prep area once it is unconscious. Put the sterile ophthalmic ointment into both eyes.
3. Shave the hair on the rat's head with electric clippers with a #40 blade from just above the eyes to the caudal base of the ears to produce eno....

Materials

List of materials used in this article

Name	Company	Catalog Number	Comments
1.00 mm Drill Bits	Drill Bit City: New Carbide Tools	05M200
3M ESPE Durelon Carboxylate Cement	3M , Neuss Germany	38019	Dental Cement
4-0 Suture	Ethicon, Sommerville, NJ	K831H	4-0 Ethicon Perma-hand Silk, 26mm 1/2c Taperpoint, 30" (75cm), Black Braided non-absorbable suture
5 mm outer diameter trephine	Fine Science Tools	18004-50
Dumont #6 Forceps	Fine Science Tools	11260-20
Dumont #7b Forceps	Fine Science Tools	11270-20
ecgAUTO	EMKA Technologies, Falls Church, VA
Female Luer Thread Style Coupler Clear Polycarbonare	Cole-Palmer instrument	SKO#45501-22	Order lot #214271
Foot Power Drill	Grobet USA, Carlstadt, NJ	Model C-300
GentaMax 100 (Gentamicin, Sulfate Solution)	Phoenix, Manufactured by Clipper Distributing Company LLC, St. Joseph, MO		NDC 57319-520-05
Hill's Prescription Diet a/d Canine/ Feline	Hill's Pet Nutrition, Inc. , Topeka, KS
IOX2 Software	EMKA Technologies, Falls Church, VA
Isoflorane, USP	Piramal Enterprise Limited, Andhra, India		NDC 66794-013-25
IsoTech Anesthesia machine	SurgiVet	WWV9000
Lateral FPI device	AmScien	302	curved tip, with pressure tubing extension. connected via screw lock connector (Cole-Palmer; #4550-22)
Leica A60 Stereomicroscope	Leica Biosystems, Richmond, VA	PN: 10 450 488
Marcaine (0.5%) Bupivacaine hcl injection usp 5 mg/mL	Hospira, Lake Forest, IL	CA-3627	50mL multiple dose vial; NDC 0409-1610-50
Micro-Adson Forceps	Fine Science Tools	11018-12
Olsen-Hegar Needle Holders with Suture Cutters	Fine Science Tools	12002-14
PALACOS R+G bone cement with gentamicin	Heraeus,	REF: 5036964	Radiopaque bone cement containing 1 x 0.5g Gentamicin
Povidone-iodine solution			Betadine
Puralube Vet Ointment	Dechra Veterinary Products, Overland Park KS		NDC 17033-211-38
Scalpel blade (#10) and holder	Integra Miltex, York, PA	REF: 4-110
Scalpel Handle - #4	Fine Science Tools	10004-13
Sickle Knife	Bausch + Lomb Storz Instruments	N1705 HM	5mm curved blade. Round handle. Overall length 168mm, 6.6 inches.
Silverstein Micro Mirror	Bausch + Lomb Storz Instruments	N1706 S8	3mm diameter. Angled 45 degrees. Overall length 180mm, 7.2 inches
Thermal Cautery Unit	Geiger Medical Technology, Delasco Council Bluffs, IA	Model NO: 150
Vetivex	Dechra Veterinary Products, Overland Park KS		Veterinary pHyLyteTM Injection pH 7.4 (Multiple Electrolytes Injection, Type 1, USP)
Wistar IGS rats	Charles River	strain code 003	12 wk old at the time of injury
Wullstein Retractor	Fine Science Tools	17018-11