Rapid Detection of Helicobacter pylori Virulence and Typing Using Quantum Dot Labeling Technology

Summary

Among the numerous diagnostic methods for Helicobacter pylori, quantum dot immunofluorescence can rapidly type and detect Helicobacter pylori, providing a basis for clinical treatment decisions. This article provides a detailed introduction to the application value of quantum dot technology in the typing and detection of Helicobacter pylori.

Abstract

We present a method based on quantum dot labeling technology for rapidly detecting the virulence of Helicobacter pylori and performing typing, aiming to overcome the limitations of conventional diagnostic methods and provide a basis for personalized clinical treatment. A kit was designed using the double-antigen sandwich method. This involved a series of meticulous steps, including establishing buffer reaction systems and conducting activation and coupling processes for antigen-antibody reactions during kit preparation. Additionally, there were specific procedures for sample collection, processing, and testing operations to determine the infection status and virulence type of Helicobacter pylori. By establishing data models for different results (negative, type II, and type I), the effectiveness of the quantum dot technology in typing detection was verified. In the case of negative samples, there were weak or no significant signal values in relevant detection areas. For type II samples, a specific pattern of positive and negative signal values for different antibodies was observed, and for type I samples, a distinct set of positive signal values corresponding to key antibodies was noted. Moreover, its application in studies related to chronic gastritis and gastric cancer demonstrated its value in serving as a screening indicator. The quantum dot-based method has advantages like improved sensitivity and specificity compared to traditional diagnostic methods. However, it also faces challenges such as potential impacts from sample storage time and relatively high costs. Nevertheless, with continuous technological innovations, it is expected to play a more significant role in the biomedical field for Helicobacter pylori detection and related disease diagnosis in the future.

Introduction

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a Gram-negative bacterium found between the pyloric mucosa and submucosa of the gastric antrum^1,2. In 1994, the World Health Organization/International Agency for Research on Cancer (WHO/IARC) classified it as a Class I carcinogen. According to whether they express vacuolar cytotoxin A (VacA) and cytotoxin-related gene A (CagA) toxins, they are divided into two types: type I H. pylori infection virulent strain: more virulent and more harmful to patients. Closely related to the incidence of gastric and duodenal ulcers and gastric cancer, Type II ....

Protocol

This study (KY2025-191-01) was performed adhering to the guidelines of the human research ethics committee of the Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University. This article complies with the application for exemption from informed consent.

NOTE: This study aims to use quantum dot technology to design and develop a kit for diagnosing whether participants' blood species contain Helicobacter pylori urease (Urease) antibodies, vacuolar cytotoxin A (VacA) antibodies, and cytotoxin-related gene A (CagA) ) toxin antibodies to determine whether H. pylori is infected an....

Results

Figure 2 shows the working principle of the quantum dot fluorescence immunoanalyzer. It mainly consists of an excitation light source, a receiving light source, a photoelectric conversion circuit module, a signal processing circuit, an AD value conversion circuit, and a signal processing calculation module; the excitation light source generates fluorescent markers. It absorbs monochromatic light with a similar wavelength, and the monochromatic light shines on the fixed scanning point of the .......

Discussion

Current diagnostic methods for Helicobacter pylori are mainly divided into two categories: invasive and non-invasive²⁶. Methods such as rapid urease test (RUT), histology, molecular biology, and bacterial culture have limitations in invasiveness, sensitivity, specificity, time constraints, cost, equipment requirements, sample handling, and real-time monitoring. More common are rapid in vitro diagnostics using methods such as urea breath testing, fecal antigen, and serological ant.......

Materials

List of materials used in this article

Name	Company	Catalog Number	Comments
1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) -3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride(EDC)	Sigma	25952-53-8	5 g/bottle
2-(n-morphine) ethanesulfonic acid (MES)	Sigma	145224-94-8	100 g/bottle
Centrifuge	Sigma	3K15
Fluorescence Immuno Analyzer	Guangzhou Labsim Biotech Co.,Ltd	Guangdong Province Medical Device Registration No. 2017221743
Helicobacter pylori Typing Test Kit	Chongqing iSIA BIO-Technology Co., Ltd	National medical device registration No. 20203400330	QDs Immunofluorescence Method
Sodium salt of N-hydroxythiosuccinimide (NHS)	Sigma	106627-54-7	1 g/bottle