Bone metabolism is altered not only in metabolic bone diseases, but also in other pathophysiologies in the body. This collection will include important techniques that are currently used to study bone microarchitecture and metabolism. Micro-computed tomography is widely used to look at the cortical and trabecular microarchitecture in a quantitative manner and DEXA is used to quantify bone mineral density of the whole body. Other methods such as three-point bending and compression testing give the information about the mechanical strength of the bone. To further understand the alterations in the bone metabolism, static and dynamic histomorphometry techniques are used. Osteometrics or Bioquant are used to analyze these histology slices and quantify for osteoclasts, osteoblasts and osteocytes number and activity. In using such systems, it would be very timely and useful for the bone research community to establish a standardized way of quantifying the bone histology slices. To better understand the signaling and mechanisms regulating the bone, molecular techniques that isolate proteins from the bone for further analysis like western blotting are very helpful. The bone is a challenging organ to isolate a sufficient amount of protein, but some research groups have been successful in this effort. With regards to the matrix and material properties of bone, Fourier transform infrared imaging and Raman spectroscopy are used. This collection aims to highlight these and other important techniques that are used in bone research for a comprehensive understanding of the bone at the macroscopic, microscopic, and molecular level.