Disorders of gut-brain interactions are increasingly recognized as a negative contribution to both physical and mental health. Recently, the Rome Foundation put forth a comprehensive global consensus devoted entirely to disorders of gut-brain interaction, ushering in a new era for understanding gut-brain communication in health and disease. Concurrently, bioelectronic medicine and therapeutic neural modulation continue to demonstrate translational potential for conditions that remain insufficiently addressed by conventional pharmacological approaches. As these fields continue to advance, emerging efforts at the intersection of neural engineering and gut–brain biology require innovative technologies and experimental approaches tailored to the unique challenges of interfacing with the gastrointestinal and autonomic systems.

This Topical Collection highlights state-of-the-art methods for understanding and treating disorders of gut-brain interaction through bioelectronic medicine and neural engineering. The scope includes central and peripheral neural interfaces designed to modulate or measure gastrointestinal function through the enteric and autonomic nervous systems. Although special emphasis is placed on translational science, this collection is not limited to vagus nerve approaches or electrical stimulation. Studies involving recording technologies, closed-loop systems, alternative neuromodulation modalities, and diverse neural targets relevant to gut–brain signaling are encouraged. The objective of this collection is to promote transparency, rigor, and collaboration by disseminating advanced methodologies that accelerate collective progress in understanding and treating disorders of gut-brain interaction.