Melanoma is a kind of highly malignant tumor deriving from transformed dermal melanocytes. Melanoma occurs mostly in skin but it also occurs in mucous membrane and viscera, which accounts for about 3% of the total tumor. In recent years, the incidence and mortality of malignant melanoma have significantly increased, and the age of death is lower than that of other solid tumors. At present, Surgical resection is a conventional method to treat melanoma, but the prognosis of patients with advanced melanoma is still poor due to the lack of effective targeted drugs. As for diagnosis of cutaneous malignant melanoma, although histopathologic criteria has been considered the most important diagnosis indicators, these guidelines may sometimes be deficient in distinguishing malignant melanoma from certain types of benign nevi. Hence, to establish a visual, methodological catalog is critical for basic research in pathobiology, clinical diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of melanoma, our methods collection aims to bring together articles that share common and innovative approaches of new markers for diagnosis and treatment of melanoma. This collection will include, but is not limited to, topics on melanoma treatment; quality of life of patients after surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy; new diagnostic markers for melanoma; in vitro and in vivo assay systems to screen, design, and verify translational targeting of small molecules and antibody-based inhibitors to perform anticancer interventions; genome-wide association study to reveal gene expression profile for melanoma patients. Furthermore, methods that facilitate the study of various aspects of cancer biology are also within our scope. For instance, methods to study melanoma metabolism, melanoma stem cells, tumor associated inflammation and metastasis within animal models will be included.