Cavitation Bubbles
Cavitation Bubbles - Related Videos
11:14
A Microfluidic System with Surface Patterning for Investigating Cavitation Bubble(s)–Cell Interaction and the Resultant Bioeffects at the Single-cell Level
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Cited by 8 •
2017
A microfluidic chip was fabricated to produce pairs of gold dots for tandem bubble generation and fibronectin-coated islands for single-cell patterning nearby. The resultant flow field was characterized by particle image velocimetry and was employed to study various bioeffects, including cell membrane poration, membrane deformation, and intracellular calcium response.
14:22
Activating Molecules, Ions, and Solid Particles with Acoustic Cavitation
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Cited by 6 •
2014
Acoustic cavitation in liquids submitted to power ultrasound creates transient extreme conditions inside the collapsing bubbles, which are the origin of unusual chemical reactivity and light emission, known as sonoluminescence. In the presence of noble gases, nonequilibrium plasma is formed. The "hot" particles and the photons generated by collapsing bubbles are able to excite species in solution.
01:13
Excess Pressure Inside a Drop and a Bubble
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2023
The shape of a small drop of liquid can be considered spherical, neglecting the effect of gravity. This drop can further be considered as two equal hemispherical drops put together due to surface tension. The forces acting on the spherical drop are due to the pressure of the liquid inside the drop, the pressure due to air outside the drop, and the force due to the surface tension acting on the two hemispherical drops. where γ corresponds to the surface tension. Recalling that the force per...
08:24
Nitrogen Cavitation and Differential Centrifugation Allows for Monitoring the Distribution of Peripheral Membrane Proteins in Cultured Cells
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Cited by 15 •
2017
Here we present protocols for detergent-free homogenization of cultured mammalian cells based on nitrogen cavitation and subsequent separation of cytosolic and membrane-bound proteins by ultracentrifugation. This method is ideal for monitoring the partitioning of peripheral membrane proteins between soluble and membrane fractions.
07:36
Studying Cavitation Enhanced Therapy
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Cited by 6 •
2021
The presented experimental protocol can be used to perform real time measurements of cavitation activity in a cell culture device with the aim of enabling investigation of the conditions required for successful drug delivery and/or other bioeffects.
FAQs
Pressure reduction does more than create a cavity: it sets up a highly localized event whose later dynamics determine the biological effect. As the bubble oscillates and collapses, it can generate pressure waves, microjets, and shear forces, while transient high temperatures support chemical effects. Together, these outputs explain how a small bubble can influence nearby cells, tissues, or biomaterials.
The timing and intensity of oscillation versus collapse help determine whether the surrounding system experiences mainly fluid motion or a more disruptive event. Pressure waves and microjets can stress nearby structures, while shear forces can alter interfaces such as cell membranes. This distinction matters because the same bubble activity may improve transport or mixing at one setting yet contribute to unwanted cellular or tissue damage at another.
The main control challenge is balancing useful bubble activity against excessive mechanical or chemical effects. Local pressure, the energy used to generate the bubbles, and the resulting oscillation and collapse influence the strength of pressure waves, microjets, shear forces, and transient heating. Managing these conditions is therefore central to improving permeability, mixing, or processing while limiting damage to cells, tissues, and engineered materials.
Bioengineering systems can generate them with ultrasound, fluid flow, or other energy sources. A practical workflow therefore begins by selecting the energy input that produces the desired bubble activity, then examining the resulting interaction with cells, tissues, biomaterials, or a microfluidic environment. The relevant readout is not bubble formation alone, but the physical and chemical effects produced during oscillation and collapse.
Targeted drug delivery and sonoporation rely on the bubbles’ ability to modify nearby cell barriers temporarily. Bubble-driven pressure waves, microjets, and shear forces can increase cell membrane permeability, creating a transient route for bioengineering interventions. Because the effect is localized, researchers can investigate delivery or membrane access while considering the possibility of excessive disruption to cells or surrounding tissue.
In tissue-focused work, the same effects can support minimally invasive treatment, whereas in microfluidics they can enhance mixing. Cavitation bubbles can also disrupt tissues or alter biomaterials, making them useful for processing as well as therapeutic design. Their value is assessed by the outcome produced in the specific system, including improved transport or mixing versus unwanted damage to biological or engineered structures.