Articular Capsule
Articular Capsule - Related Videos
08:30
Intra-articular Shoulder Injection for Reduction Following Shoulder Dislocation
0 Views •
2023
Source: Rachel Liu, BAO, MBBCh, Emergency Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA The anterior shoulder dislocation is one of the most common joint dislocations seen in emergency settings. In anterior shoulder dislocation, the humeral head is displaced out of the glenohumeral joint in front of the scapular glenoid, resulting in a loss of the articulation between the arm and the rest of the shoulder. This can be caused by a fall onto an abducted, extended, and externally...
09:58
A 3D System for Culturing Human Articular Chondrocytes in Synovial Fluid
0 Views •
Cited by 9 •
2012
A 3D system of culturing human articular chondrocytes in high levels of synovial fluid is described. Synovial fluid reflects the most natural microenvironment for articular cartilage, and can be easily obtained and stored. This system thus can be used for studying cartilage regeneration and for screening therapeutics for treating arthritis.
05:24
Teratoma Generation in the Testis Capsule
0 Views •
Cited by 25 •
2011
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) have the potential to treat a myriad of different diseases. The utility of these cells lies in the fact that they can differentiate into any cell type in the body. Here we describe the teratoma assay, which is used to demonstrate the pluripotence of hPSCs.
12:37
3D Hydrogel Scaffolds for Articular Chondrocyte Culture and Cartilage Generation
0 Views •
Cited by 38 •
2015
Cartilage repair represents an unmet medical challenge and cell-based approaches to engineer human articular cartilage are a promising solution. Here, we describe three-dimensional (3D) biomimetic hydrogels as an ideal tool for the expansion and maturation of human articular chondrocytes.
02:17
Separation of Bacteria by Capsule Amount Using a Discontinuous Density Gradient
0 Views •
2025
Source: Feltwell, T., et.al. Separating Bacteria by Capsule Amount Using a Discontinuous Density Gradient. J. Vis. Exp. (2019)This video demonstrates the use of a discontinuous density gradient to separate bacterial strains based on capsule amount. By centrifuging a transposon mutant library through the gradient, bacteria with different capsule densities localize to distinct layers. The separated fractions can then be collected for downstream analysis.
FAQs
The outer fibrous layer provides mechanical restraint by attaching to the bones around a synovial joint. Its connective tissue helps resist excessive displacement while still allowing the joint to move. This balance is important because the capsule must contribute to stability without preventing the controlled motion required for normal biological movement.
Synovial fluid, produced by the inner synovial membrane, lubricates the opposing cartilage surfaces. This lubrication reduces friction during movement and helps maintain conditions in which the joint can move smoothly. When the articular capsule functions properly, its internal lining therefore supports both motion and the protection of the contacting cartilage surfaces.
The capsule contributes a passive boundary and stabilizing restraint, whereas surrounding ligaments and muscles help coordinate movement around the joint. Together, these structures balance mobility with protection from excessive displacement. Their interaction allows a synovial joint to move while maintaining an appropriate mechanical environment for the enclosed structures.
Damage or inflammation can disrupt the capsule’s contribution to joint movement and mechanical protection. The resulting effects may include pain, restricted mobility, capsule contracture, sprains, or synovitis. These outcomes show that the capsule is not merely a covering; its condition directly affects how effectively the joint can move and remain stable.
The capsule provides a useful biological context for understanding how connective tissues support movement. Its fibrous and synovial components illustrate how one structure can combine mechanical restraint with lubrication. Examining these roles helps explain how synovial joints protect cartilage, preserve smooth motion, and respond when their normal organization is disturbed.
Pain and reduced mobility are important outcomes associated with impaired capsule function. Depending on the problem, the condition may also be described as capsule contracture, a sprain, or synovitis. These outcomes provide biological clues that the capsule’s stability, movement-related function, or inner synovial activity may no longer be operating normally.