Blunt Ends
Blunt Ends - Related Videos
08:13
A Scalable Model to Study the Effects of Blunt-Force Injury in Adult Zebrafish
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Cited by 7 •
2021
We modified the Marmarou weight drop model for adult zebrafish to examine a breadth of pathologies following blunt-force traumatic brain injury (TBI) and the mechanisms underlying subsequent neuronal regeneration. This blunt-force TBI model is scalable, induces a mild, moderate, or severe TBI, and recapitulates injury heterogeneity observed in human TBI.
08:02
Reservoir Condition Pore-scale Imaging of Multiple Fluid Phases Using X-ray Microtomography
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Cited by 28 •
2015
We present a methodology for the imaging of multiple fluid phases at reservoir conditions by the use of x-ray microtomography. We show some representative results of capillary trapping in a carbonate rock sample.
12:18
Pore-scale Imaging and Characterization of Hydrocarbon Reservoir Rock Wettability at Subsurface Conditions Using X-ray Microtomography
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Cited by 17 •
2018
This protocol is presented to characterize the complex wetting conditions of an opaque porous medium (hydrocarbon reservoir rock) using three-dimensional images obtained by X-ray microtomography at subsurface conditions.
04:56
Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) Placement in a Neonatal Patient Simulator Using a Non-Inflatable Supraglottic Airway (SGA)
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2023
This protocol is designed to describe a method to place and establish a supraglottic (alternative) airway during neonatal resuscitation. It can be used in situations where frontline providers cannot ventilate or endotracheally intubate neonates requiring resuscitation.
10:18
Dynamic Pore-scale Reservoir-condition Imaging of Reaction in Carbonates Using Synchrotron Fast Tomography
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Cited by 6 •
2017
Synchrotron fast tomography was used to dynamically image dissolution of limestone in the presence of CO2-saturated brine at reservoir conditions. 100 scans were taken at a 6.1 µm resolution over a period of 2 h.
FAQs
Blunt-end ligation is less efficient because the DNA fragments lack complementary single-stranded overhangs that could help matching ends associate. Their interaction is limited to the base-paired surfaces at the termini, making productive alignment less favorable than with sticky ends. This lower joining efficiency directly affects how researchers plan fragment-joining experiments.
Certain restriction enzymes create blunt ends by cutting both DNA strands at aligned nucleotide positions. Because the cuts occur at the same position on each strand, the resulting termini do not expose an unpaired single-stranded region. This structural outcome means that joining depends on contact between flush, base-paired surfaces rather than overhang complementarity.
Compatibility in this context does not require matching overhang sequences. Any two compatible blunt ends can be joined because their termini present flush, base-paired surfaces rather than protruding single-stranded regions. This broad compatibility makes the approach useful when fragments do not provide complementary sticky ends, although the joining reaction remains less efficient.
To compensate for the weak joining efficiency, researchers may increase the DNA concentration or apply a specialized ligation strategy. These adjustments are intended to improve the chance that blunt termini participate in productive fragment joining. The need for such optimization distinguishes blunt-end workflows from approaches that benefit from sticky-end pairing.
Blunt ends support cloning, fragment assembly, and other genetic engineering workflows. Their main practical advantage is broad joining compatibility: two compatible blunt ends can be connected without requiring matching overhangs. Researchers may therefore consider this format when available DNA fragments lack complementary sticky ends, while accounting for the lower efficiency of ligation.
Choosing between these end types involves compatibility versus joining efficiency. Blunt ends allow compatible fragments to be joined without matching overhangs, but their ligation is generally less efficient. Sticky-end workflows may therefore be preferable when efficient joining is the priority, whereas blunt ends remain useful for the flexibility they offer in fragment selection.