Carbon Platinum Replication
Carbon Platinum Replication - Related Videos
02:40
DNA Replication
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2020
DNA replication involves the separation of the two strands of the double helix, with each strand serving as a template from which the new complementary strand is copied. After replication, each double-stranded DNA includes one parental or “old” strand and one “new” strand. This is known as semiconservative replication. The resulting DNA molecules have the same sequence and are divided equally into the two daughter cells. Replication in Prokaryotes DNA replication uses a large number of...
02:31
Chromosome Replication
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2020
Before a cell can divide, it must accurately replicate all of its chromosomes, including the DNA and its associated histone and non-histone proteins. This process begins at numerous origins of replication during the S phase of the cell cycle in each of a cell’s chromosomes simultaneously. Certain nucleotides can act as origins of replication, but these sequences are not well defined - especially in complex, multi-cellular, eukaryotic species. The length of DNA that spans an origin of...
07:20
Amide Coupling Reaction for the Synthesis of Bispyridine-based Ligands and Their Complexation to Platinum as Dinuclear Anticancer Agents
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Cited by 1 •
2014
This protocol describes the use of amide coupling reactions of isonicotinic acid and diaminoalkanes to form bridging ligands suitable for use in the synthesis of multinuclear platinum complexes, which combine aspects of the anticancer drugs BBR3464 and picoplatin.
01:02
The DNA Replication Fork
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2020
An organism’s genome needs to be duplicated in an efficient and error-free manner for its growth and survival. The replication fork is a Y-shaped active region where two strands of DNA are separated and replicated continuously. The coupling of DNA unzipping and complementary strand synthesis is a characteristic feature of a replication fork. Organisms with small circular DNA, such as E. coli, often have a single origin of replication; therefore, they have only two replication forks, one in...
01:14
The Carbon Cycle
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2019
Carbon is the basis of all organic matter on Earth, and is recycled through the ecosystem in two primary processes: one in which carbon is exchanged among living organisms, and one in which carbon is cycled over long periods of time through fossilized organic remains, weathering of rocks, and volcanic activity. Human activities, including increased agricultural practices and the burning of fossil fuels, has greatly affected the balance of the natural carbon cycle. Biological Carbon Cycle All...
FAQs
Platinum deposited at an oblique angle enhances topographic contrast across the specimen surface. Differences in surface relief therefore become more distinguishable in the resulting replica, allowing electron microscopy to reveal fine three-dimensional organization rather than only a uniform coating. This feature is especially valuable for examining membrane organization and other cellular ultrastructural details.
The method combines evaporated carbon and platinum to form a durable replica of the exposed biological surface. Platinum deposition contributes enhanced topographic contrast when applied obliquely, while the combined metal coating preserves the specimen’s surface organization after the original material is removed. The resulting replica can then be handled for electron-microscopy examination.
Removal of the original material leaves a thin metal replica that retains fine surface features. These features can include membrane organization and cellular ultrastructure, so the replica records the specimen’s surface architecture even though the biological material itself is no longer present. This separation enables examination of structural details that may be difficult to image directly.
The exposed specimen surface is first coated by evaporating carbon and platinum onto it, with platinum often applied at an oblique angle to increase topographic contrast. After coating, the original biological material is removed, leaving the thin metal replica. That replica is then mounted for transmission electron microscopy, where its preserved surface features can be examined.
The metal replica can be mounted for transmission electron microscopy, providing a practical route to high-resolution structural analysis when the original biological material is difficult to image directly or is incompatible with electron-beam analysis. Examination focuses on the preserved replica rather than the removed specimen, allowing surface organization and cellular ultrastructure to be assessed.
This approach is suited to studying fine surface features such as membrane organization and cellular ultrastructure. Its value lies in preserving those features in a durable form while enhancing surface-related contrast through oblique platinum deposition. In biology, the resulting replica can therefore provide high-resolution information about structural arrangements that are otherwise challenging to examine directly.