Extraembryonic Vessels
Extraembryonic Vessels - Related Videos
13:10
Stability of Floating Vessels
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2023
Source: Alexander S Rattner and Kevin Rao Li Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA The objective of this experiment is to demonstrate the phenomenon of stability of floating vessels - the ability to self-right when rolled over to the side by some external force. Careful design of hull shapes and internal mass distribution enables seagoing vessels to be stable with low drafts (submerged depth of hull), improving vessel...
07:32
Purification of Mouse Brain Vessels
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Cited by 90 •
2015
We describe a protocol allowing the purification of the mouse brain's vascular compartment. Isolated brain vessels include endothelial cells linked by tight junctions and surrounded by a continuous basal lamina, pericytes, vascular smooth muscle cells, as well as perivascular astroglial membranes.
05:56
Operation of High-pressure Reactor Vessels
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2023
Robert M Rioux, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA The use of gases in a synthetic chemistry laboratory is essential for carrying out a variety of highly facile and atom economical transformations. Reactions such as hydrogenation, oxidation, and amination require the use of gases like hydrogen, oxygen, and ammonia. Due to the poor solubility of these gases in typical reactant solutions, high pressures are necessary to achieve a meaningful reaction rate. Not only are these gases...
04:20
Isolating Mouse Brain Vessels: A Protocol to Isolate Intact Vessels from Murine Brain Sample
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2025
This video demonstrates the isolation of intact vessels from a mouse's brain that constitute the blood-brain barrier (BBB) along with neurons and glial cells. The isolated vessels can be used as an in vitro model to study their role in maintaining brain homeostasis.
10:01
En Face Preparation of Mouse Blood Vessels
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Cited by 20 •
2017
A procedure for making en face preparations of the mouse carotid artery and aorta is described. Such preparations, when immunofluorescently stained with specific antibodies, enable us to study localization of proteins and identification of cell types within the entire vascular wall by confocal microscopy.
FAQs
Vasculogenesis creates vessels through the formation and organization of endothelial cells, whereas angiogenesis expands and remodels an existing vascular network through branching. Their coordination allows extraembryonic tissues to establish an initial circulation and then adapt its structure as the yolk sac and placenta grow. Examining both processes helps distinguish vessel formation from later network expansion.
Blood flow provides a physical and functional influence on vessel remodeling after the initial network forms. As circulation develops, endothelial-cell growth, branching, and vessel organization respond to the changing demands of growing tissues. Studying this relationship reveals how developing vascular networks adapt their structure while maintaining exchange and circulation between extraembryonic tissues and the embryo.
Umbilical and vitelline vessels provide the principal connections between extraembryonic vascular networks and the embryonic circulation. Through these links, materials exchanged in tissues such as the yolk sac and placenta can enter or leave the embryonic system. Their development is therefore important for understanding how separate early vascular regions become functionally coordinated.
The yolk sac and placenta are especially informative because they contain developing vascular networks that support early exchange and circulation. Comparing these tissues allows researchers to examine how endothelial-cell growth, vessel branching, and blood flow operate in distinct extraembryonic environments. Their connections through vitelline and umbilical vessels also provide context for embryonic vascular integration.
Investigating vessel formation and remodeling can identify how disruptions in endothelial-cell growth, branching, or vascular connections affect embryonic development. Because extraembryonic networks support exchange and connect with embryonic circulation, abnormal development may alter the delivery of oxygen and nutrients or the removal of waste. These studies provide a developmental framework for examining congenital vascular abnormalities.
These vessels provide a model for examining how blood networks adapt as surrounding tissues grow. Researchers can evaluate the coordinated changes in endothelial cells, branching patterns, vascular connections, and flow. Findings can clarify general principles of embryonic vascular development, illuminate placental function, and show how circulation is remodeled to meet changing exchange requirements.