Open Circulatory System
Open Circulatory System - Related Videos
05:33
Physiology of the Circulatory System - Concepts
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2019
Homeostasis Conditions in the external environment of an organism can change rapidly and drastically. To survive, organisms must maintain a fairly constant internal environment, which involves continuous regulation of temperature, pH, and other factors. This balanced state is known as homeostasis, which describes the processes by which organisms maintain their optimal internal conditions. To maintain homeostasis, organisms have developed structures with distinct functions. Physiology is the...
03:26
Physiology of the Circulatory System - Instructor Prep
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2019
Measuring Blood Pressure ExpandTo prepare for the blood pressure exercise, simply place the appropriate number of alcohol swabs, sphygmomanometers, and stethoscopes at the front of the classroom. Be sure to check over each of the component parts of the sphygmomanometers, including the tubing, cuff, manometer, and bulb to ensure they are undamaged. Respiration in Fish ExpandTo prepare for the fish respiration experiment, one week before the goldfish arrive, set up two 10-gallon tanks in the room...
07:24
Physiology of the Circulatory System - Student Protocol
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2019
Measuring Circulatory System Function in Humans ExpandBefore starting the experiment go to the front of the room and collect an alcohol swab, a sphygmomanometer, and a stethoscope. Clean the earpieces with the alcohol swab and then insert them into your ears. To check if the stethoscope is in the on position, gently tap the flat metal disc called the diaphragm. If you hear a sound it's on. If not, turn the metal disc and tap again and keep turning and tapping the disc until you hear a sound.
02:03
Anatomy of the Circulatory System
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2019
The human circulatory system consists of blood, blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart, around the body, and back to the heart, and the heart itself, which acts as a central pump. The systemic circuit supplies blood to the whole body, the coronary circuit supplies blood to the heart, and the pulmonary circuit supplies blood flow between the heart and lungs. Blood travels from the right atrium to the right ventricle of the heart through the tricuspid valve, then from the right...
07:08
A High-Fidelity Porcine Model of Orthotopic Heart Transplantation Following Donation after Circulatory Death
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Cited by 2 •
2025
The protocol here describes a high-fidelity porcine model of heart transplantation following donation after circulatory death utilizing ex vivo perfusion of the allograft.
FAQs
Because hemolymph leaves vessels and reaches organs directly, the system does not need to maintain the same vessel-contained pressure demanded by a closed network. The heart can therefore drive transport with lower pressure and energy expenditure, illustrating how circulation design is linked to energetic cost.
Ostia provide the return route for hemolymph after it has circulated through the hemocoel and surrounded tissues. They connect the bathing phase of transport back to the heart, allowing the pumped cycle to continue and helping explain how a vessel-to-cavity arrangement still supports organized circulation.
Comparing open circulatory systems across invertebrates can reveal how body structure, metabolic demands, and environmental conditions shape transport strategies. The system therefore serves as a biology example of functional adaptation: circulation is studied alongside an organism’s organization and surroundings, rather than as a feature independent of its broader physiology.
Open circulatory systems are common in arthropods and many mollusks, making those groups central examples in biology. Examining them allows students and researchers to connect a shared transport strategy with differences in body organization, metabolism, and environmental adaptation, rather than treating circulation as identical across all invertebrates.
Studying this system helps explain how transport supports gas exchange, nutrient distribution, hormone movement, and waste handling. These functions provide a framework for interpreting how hemolymph contributes to physiology even when circulation uses a cavity-based route. The topic therefore connects anatomy with the transport of materials needed by organs.
Open circulation is especially useful for placing invertebrate physiology in comparative context. Its presence in arthropods and many mollusks lets biology examine how different groups meet transport needs with a similar broad arrangement, while the lower pressure and energy requirement highlights a distinct tradeoff from closed circulation.