Pcna
Pcna - Related Videos
02:10
Translesion DNA Polymerases
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2020
Translesion (TLS) polymerases rescue stalled DNA polymerases at sites of damaged bases by replacing the replicative polymerase and installing a nucleotide across the damaged site. Doing so, TLS allows additional time for the cell to repair the damage before resuming regular DNA replication. TLS polymerases are found in all three domains of life - archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes. Of the different classes of TLS polymerases, members of the Y family are fitted with specialized structures that...
01:02
Long-patch Base Excision Repair
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2020
Since the discovery of the two BER pathways, there has been a debate about how a cell chooses one pathway over the other and the factors determining this selection. Numerous in vitro experiments have pointed out multiple determinants for the sub-pathway selection. These are: Lesion type: Depending on the type of base damage, a specific DNA glycosylase - mono or bifunctional, is recruited to the damaged site. While the sequential action of a monofunctional glycosylase favors long patch repair...
09:16
Stab Wound Injury of the Zebrafish Adult Telencephalon: A Method to Investigate Vertebrate Brain Neurogenesis and Regeneration
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Cited by 60 •
2014
To shed light on the cellular and molecular mechanisms of zebrafish adult neurogenesis and regeneration, we developed a protocol for invasive surgery causing mechanical injuries in the zebrafish adult telencephalon and subsequent monitoring of changes in the stabbed hemisphere by immunohistochemistry or in situ hybridization.
05:48
Micromanipulation of Gene Expression in the Adult Zebrafish Brain Using Cerebroventricular Microinjection of Morpholino Oligonucleotides
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Cited by 46 •
2013
In this article, we demonstrate a method for manipulation of gene expression in the ventricular cells of the adult zebrafish telencephalon using antisense morpholino oligonucleotides. We present this method as an efficient and quick protocol that can be used for functional studies in the adult vertebrate brain.
06:55
In vivo Electroporation of Morpholinos into the Adult Zebrafish Retina
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Cited by 42 •
2011
A method to conditionally knockdown a target protein’s expression in the adult zebrafish retina is described, which involves intravitreally injecting antisense morpholinos and electroporating them into the retina. The resulting protein is knocked down for several days, which allows testing the protein’s role in the regenerating or intact retina.
FAQs
Replication factor C loads PCNA as a ring onto the DNA duplex. Once positioned, the ring remains associated with the template while DNA polymerases and other processing factors bind to it. This arrangement tethers those factors near DNA, increasing their retention and supporting more efficient synthesis during replication.
Short interaction motifs allow PCNA to recruit a range of partner proteins rather than functioning only as a platform for DNA polymerases. These partners include factors involved in DNA repair, recombination, and chromatin regulation. Consequently, PCNA can coordinate several genome-maintenance activities through selective protein binding at the DNA-associated clamp.
Localization and modification provide complementary information about PCNA function. Localization indicates where PCNA is associated within the cell, while modification can signal changes in how it participates in genome-maintenance processes. Examining these features alongside binding partners helps connect PCNA behavior with replication stress, genome stability, and disease-associated changes in proliferating tissues.
PCNA acts as a shared coordination platform because its ring can recruit more than DNA polymerases. Through short interaction motifs, it binds proteins involved in DNA repair, recombination, and chromatin regulation. This links DNA synthesis with pathways that process DNA and with mechanisms that regulate chromatin during genome maintenance.
A PCNA-focused investigation can organize its analysis around localization, modification, and binding partners. Localization addresses where PCNA operates, modification examines changes associated with its activity, and partner analysis identifies the proteins it recruits. Considering these features together provides a broader view of how PCNA supports replication and genome maintenance.
PCNA is useful because it connects DNA synthesis with the maintenance of genome integrity, making it both a marker and a regulator of cell proliferation. Examining its localization, modification, or associated proteins can help relate proliferative activity to genome-maintenance processes and identify disease-associated changes in tissues where cells are actively proliferating.
Changes in PCNA localization, modification, or binding partners can be examined as indicators of altered genome-maintenance activity. Because PCNA coordinates DNA synthesis with repair, recombination, and chromatin regulation, these observations help researchers investigate how replication stress relates to genome stability and how those relationships change in proliferating or disease-associated tissues.