Phloem Sap
Phloem Sap - Related Videos
11:23
Phloem Sap Sampling from Brassica napus for 3D-PAGE of Protein and Ribonucleoprotein Complexes
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Cited by 12 •
2018
Here we present a protocol to analyze the protein composition of large native protein:protein and protein:nucleic acid complexes from oilseed rape (B. napus) phloem exudate using a 3D polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) approach combining blue native (BN) with two denaturing PAGEs followed by mass spectrometric identification.
10:14
Double-stranded RNA Oral Delivery Methods to Induce RNA Interference in Phloem and Plant-sap-feeding Hemipteran Insects
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Cited by 72 •
2018
This article demonstrates novel techniques developed for oral delivery of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) through the vascular tissues of plants for RNA interference (RNAi) in phloem sap feeding insects.
02:10
Phloem and Sugar Transport
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2026
Like many living organisms, plants have tissues that specialize in specific plant functions. For example, shoots are well adapted to rapid growth, while roots are structured to acquire resources efficiently. However, sugar production is primarily restricted to the photosynthetic tissues that reside in the leaves of angiosperm plants. Sugar and other resources are transported from photosynthetic cells to other specialized tissues by a process called translocation.Within a plant, tissues that...
09:38
Collection and Analysis of Arabidopsis Phloem Exudates Using the EDTA-facilitated Method
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Cited by 87 •
2013
Knowledge of the composition of the phloem sap as well as the mechanism of its loading and long-distance transport is essential for the understanding of long-distance signaling in plant development and stress/pathogen response and of assimilate transport. This manuscript describes the collection of phloem exudates using the EDTA-facilitated method.
01:24
Whitefly-Mediated Transmission of Plant Viruses
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2026
Begin with a zucchini plant that is systemically infected with the tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus.In this plant, viral particles accumulate in the phloem, the vascular tissue that transports sugars and nutrients.Introduce virus-free whiteflies onto the infected zucchini leaves.The whiteflies ingest virus-rich phloem sap from the leaves.The virus moves through the gut lumen, crosses the gut barrier, enters the circulatory fluid, and accumulates in the salivary glands.Use an aspirator to...
FAQs
Sucrose loading in sieve elements lowers their water potential, so water moves in from the xylem. This influx raises pressure within the sieve tubes, establishing a gradient that supports bulk flow toward tissues with demand. The mechanism links solute accumulation to long-distance transport, allowing photosynthetic products to move from mature leaves to growing, storage, or reproductive organs.
The source-sink relationship helps explain where phloem sap originates and where it is delivered. Mature leaves act as sources when they load photosynthetic products, while growing, storage, and reproductive tissues function as sinks that receive them. Changes in tissue demand therefore influence the direction and destination of transport across the plant.
Phloem sap carries more than carbon resources. Amino acids, hormones, proteins, and defensive compounds travel with the transported sugars, enabling distant organs to exchange nutrients and chemical signals. This combination gives phloem transport a coordinating role in development and defense, rather than limiting it to distribution of photosynthetic products.
Composition can show which classes of transported substances connect plant organs, including photosynthetic products, amino acids, hormones, proteins, and defensive compounds. When considered alongside movement, these measurements help researchers examine plant nutrition, signaling, development, and defense. The resulting picture connects chemical contents with the physiological relationships between sources and sinks.
Phloem sap research contributes to crop biology by clarifying how nutrients and signals move to tissues that support growth, storage, or reproduction. Because the transport system also participates in stress responses, studying its contents and movement can help explain changes in plant performance under stress and their possible relevance to crop productivity.
Phloem-feeding insects interact directly with a transport stream that contains sugars, amino acids, signaling molecules, and defensive compounds. Consequently, phloem sap provides biological context for studying how plant nutrition and defense are encountered by these insects. Examining this relationship connects long-distance transport with plant-insect interactions and the broader ecological significance of phloem composition.