Pluripotency Marker Analysis
Pluripotency Marker Analysis - Related Videos
08:58
Induced Pluripotency
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2023
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are somatic cells that have been genetically reprogrammed to form undifferentiated stem cells. Like embryonic stem cells, iPSCs can be grown in culture conditions that promote differentiation into different cell types. Thus, iPSCs may provide a potentially unlimited source of any human cell type, which is a major breakthrough in the field of regenerative medicine. However, more research into the derivation and differentiation of iPSCs is still needed to...
09:16
Immunocytochemical Analysis of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells using a Self-Made Cytospin Apparatus
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Cited by 1 •
2010
Suspension immunocytochemical staining of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) for cell-surface markers (SSEA-3/SSEA-4) was achieved based on use of a self-made cytospin apparatus to create a monolayer of cells for observation and quantification.
13:28
Three-dimensional Confocal Analysis of Microglia/macrophage Markers of Polarization in Experimental Brain Injury
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Cited by 51 •
2013
A way to gain new insights into the complexity of the brain inflammatory response is presented. We describe immunofluorescence-based protocols followed by three-dimensional confocal analysis to investigate the pattern of co-expression of microglia/macrophage phenotype markers in a mouse model of focal ischemia.
01:13
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
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2019
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore called induced pluripotent stem...
10:49
The Specification of Telencephalic Glutamatergic Neurons from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells
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Cited by 38 •
2013
This procedure yields telencephalic neurons by going through checkpoints which are similar to those observed during human development. The cells are allowed to spontaneously differentiate, are exposed to factors which push them towards the neural lineage, are isolated, and are plated onto coverslips to allow for terminal differentiation and maturation.
FAQs
Interpretation is strongest when a panel combines intracellular and surface evidence. OCT4, SOX2, and NANOG supply transcription-factor measurements, whereas SSEA-4 and TRA-1-60 supply surface-antigen measurements. Considering these marker classes together provides a broader assessment of cells associated with the capacity to produce derivatives of all three embryonic germ layers than relying on one marker alone.
Marker abundance should be read alongside morphology and growth characteristics. A molecular result by itself does not capture the full cellular state, while morphology and growth provide complementary cellular evidence. Comparing these observations helps researchers judge whether cultures remain undifferentiated and whether their overall condition is consistent with the intended stem-cell state.
Immunostaining, flow cytometry, and quantitative PCR provide complementary assay formats for examining pluripotency-associated markers. Using these options allows researchers to assess marker expression through more than one analytical approach, then compare the findings with morphology and growth characteristics. That comparison strengthens evaluation of culture quality and cell state.
A practical workflow begins by identifying the pluripotency features to assess, then measuring selected transcription factors or surface antigens with immunostaining, flow cytometry, or quantitative PCR. The resulting marker profile is interpreted together with cell morphology and growth characteristics. This combined workflow supports evaluation of reprogramming efficiency, culture quality, and maintenance of an undifferentiated state.
Before cells are used for differentiation or regenerative applications, researchers can compare marker expression with morphology and growth characteristics as a quality-control assessment. Consistent evidence across these features helps determine whether a culture has retained an undifferentiated state suitable for the next experimental stage, rather than relying on a single molecular readout.
The analysis has value across several biological settings. It supports embryonic stem-cell and induced pluripotent stem-cell research, disease modeling, and developmental studies. It also contributes to quality control when cells are being prepared for differentiation or regenerative applications, where confirming an appropriate undifferentiated state is an important experimental consideration.