Posterior End Injection
Posterior End Injection - Related Videos
07:13
An Alternative and Validated Injection Method for Accessing the Subretinal Space via a Transcleral Posterior Approach
0 Views •
Cited by 19 •
2016
Subretinal injections are the most common technique for delivering large therapeutic agents such as proteins and viral vectors to photoreceptors and the retinal pigment epithelium. An alternative method in mice that successfully targets the subretinal space with minimal collateral damage and fast recovery times is described here.
14:54
Rat Model of Photochemically-Induced Posterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy
0 Views •
Cited by 2 •
2015
The goal of this protocol is to photochemically induce ischemic injury to the posterior optic nerve in rat. This model is critical to studies of the pathophysiology of posterior ischemic optic neuropathy, and therapeutic approaches for this and other optic neuropathies, as well as of other CNS ischemic diseases.
03:26
Isolating Short Posterior Ciliary Arteries: A Protocol to Excise Intact Short Posterior Ciliary Microvessels from Porcine Eye
0 Views •
2025
This video describes the protocol to isolate the short posterior ciliary arteries from the porcine eye. The isolated short posterior arteries are a suitable source for elucidating the molecular insights and protein profiles of the ocular blood vessels.
06:02
Posterior Approach for Debridement of the Psoas Abscess
0 Views •
2020
This is a cadaveric study investigating the landmarks for the posterior approach for irrigation and debridement of the psoas abscess. The interval between the transverse processes (TP) was used to access the substance of the psoas muscle.
08:28
Zebrafish Brain Ventricle Injection
0 Views •
Cited by 73 •
2009
After neural tube formation, the neuroepithelium constricts and folds while the tube fills with embryonic cerebrospinal fluid (eCSF) to form the embryonic brain ventricles. We developed this ventricle injection technique to better visualize the fluid filled space in contrast to the neuroepithelial shape in a live embryo.
FAQs
The posterior pole matters because it contains localized determinants that can influence germline formation and development. Delivering material near this region places DNA or other nucleic acids where they may reach nuclei or cytoplasm associated with germline precursor cells. This spatial relationship helps connect the injection site with later inheritance and tissue-development outcomes.
Injection timing is critical because the embryo must still be at an early stage, before cellularization. At that point, introduced material can access nuclei or cytoplasm before cellular boundaries are established. This creates an opportunity for the material to reach germline-associated regions and developing tissues, whereas later intervention may reduce that access.
Three variables strongly influence success: positioning, timing, and handling. The needle must deliver material to the posterior pole, the injection must occur during the appropriate early embryonic window, and manipulation must preserve embryo viability. If any condition is poorly controlled, the embryo may lose developmental potential, limiting transgenic production or interpretation of developmental experiments.
A basic workflow begins with selecting an early embryo and identifying its posterior pole. Researchers then introduce DNA or another nucleic acid through microinjection, taking care to preserve viability and developmental potential. The treated embryo can continue development while investigators examine whether the material becomes associated with germline precursor cells or incorporated into developing tissues.
Posterior End Injection is useful when an experiment requires genetic material to influence inherited lineages or embryonic development. It supports production of transgenic organisms, gene-function analysis, and investigation of embryonic patterning and inheritance. These applications differ in emphasis: one focuses on generating altered organisms, while the others use developmental or inheritance patterns to test biological questions.
In Drosophila and comparable embryological systems, the technique links an early spatial intervention with later biological outcomes. Researchers can ask whether introduced material reaches regions associated with germline precursor cells, becomes incorporated into developing tissues, and affects development or inheritance. This makes the method relevant to biology because it connects embryonic position, genetic material, and transmission across generations.