Testosterone
Testosterone - Related Videos
11:51
Combining Behavioral Endocrinology and Experimental Economics: Testosterone and Social Decision Making
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Cited by 9 •
2011
The procedure described in this protocol shows that testosterone administration and folk beliefs about testosterone may be associated with directly opposed social behaviors.
01:26
Testosterone: Functions and Regulation
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2024
The intricate hormonal interplay essential for male reproductive health begins with the release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) by the hypothalamus. This hormone prompts the pituitary gland to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). LH targets the Leydig cells in the testes, stimulating them to produce and release testosterone. In concert with testosterone, FSH acts on the Sertoli cells within the seminiferous tubules to facilitate the release of...
08:49
Murine Prostate Micro-dissection and Surgical Castration
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Cited by 23 •
2016
This manuscript describes the protocols for prostate micro-dissection and surgical castration in the laboratory mouse. We also depict representative results produced by these protocols. Finally, we discuss the advantages and utilization of these protocols.
02:13
Types of Hormones
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2019
Hormones can be classified into three main types based on their chemical structures: steroids, peptides, and amines. Their actions are mediated by the specific receptors they bind to on target cells. Steroid hormones are derived from cholesterol and are lipophilic in nature. This allows them to readily traverse the lipid-rich cell membrane to bind to their intracellular receptors in the cytoplasm or nucleus. Once bound, the cytoplasmic hormone-receptor complex translocates to the nucleus.
08:38
Renal Capsule Xenografting and Subcutaneous Pellet Implantation for the Evaluation of Prostate Carcinogenesis and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
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Cited by 13 •
2013
We describe the manufacture of compressed hormone pellets, as well as subcutaneous surgical implantation into mice. This strategy can be combined with the growth of cell and tissue xenografts under the renal capsule of athymic nude mice to evaluate hormonal carcinogenesis and regulation of benign prostate growth.
FAQs
Testosterone can be converted in particular tissues into more potent or alternative hormones. This localized processing means that biological effects may depend not only on circulating testosterone, but also on which tissues perform the conversion and which hormone products they generate. Studying these pathways helps explain why testosterone can support different physiological outcomes across reproductive and nonreproductive tissues.
After entering a target cell, testosterone binds the intracellular androgen receptor. The receptor then influences gene transcription, changing which genetic instructions are used to produce proteins. Those altered protein levels provide a molecular route through which testosterone affects cell behavior and tissue maintenance, linking hormone signaling to processes such as reproductive development, muscle support, and bone maintenance.
Testosterone is examined within the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, an endocrine system that coordinates reproductive hormone regulation. Feedback within this axis helps connect testosterone production with signals from the brain and pituitary gland. Considering that network is important because changes in testosterone cannot be interpreted fully by examining the hormone in isolation from the system regulating its production.
In biology, testosterone provides context for sexual differentiation, spermatogenesis, muscle maintenance, and bone maintenance. These areas represent distinct outcomes of hormone action, ranging from reproductive cell production to structural tissue support. Studying them together helps researchers examine how one endocrine signal contributes to development, fertility-related functions, and long-term physiological maintenance.
Testosterone measurement helps researchers investigate fertility, hormone disorders, and broader patterns of endocrine regulation. Results can be considered alongside reproductive biology and the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis to understand hormone-related conditions. Measurement therefore serves as an investigative tool for connecting hormone levels with physiological function, rather than as an isolated description of reproductive status.
Clinical manipulation of testosterone is relevant when researchers or healthcare professionals study hormone disorders, fertility, or therapeutic treatment. Manipulation provides a way to examine how changing hormone activity relates to reproductive and physiological outcomes. Its interpretation requires attention to receptor-mediated gene regulation, tissue-specific hormone conversion, and the feedback relationships governing endocrine function.