Submerged Culture
Submerged Culture - Related Videos
08:29
The Submerged Printing of Cells onto a Modified Surface Using a Continuous Flow Microspotter
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Cited by 2 •
2014
This 3D microfluidic printing technology prints arrays of cells onto submerged surfaces. We describe how arrays of cells are delivered microfluidically in 3D flow cells onto submerged surfaces. By printing onto submerged surfaces, cell microarrays were produced that allow for drug screening and cytotoxicity assessment in a multitude of areas.
01:11
Buoyancy and Stability for Submerged and Floating Bodies
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2025
In fluid mechanics, buoyancy and stability are key concepts for understanding the behavior of submerged and floating bodies. When a stationary body is fully or partially submerged in a fluid, the fluid exerts a force on the body known as the buoyant force. This force acts vertically upward through a point called the center of buoyancy, which is the center of the displaced fluid volume. According to Archimedes' principle, the magnitude of the buoyant force is equal to the weight of the fluid...
07:29
A Submerged Filter Paper Sandwich for Long-term Ex Ovo Time-lapse Imaging of Early Chick Embryos
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Cited by 17 •
2016
Here, we present a new technique to culture chick embryos ex ovo for time-lapse imaging using transmitted light and fluorescence microscopy. The submerged filter paper sandwich is a variant of the well-established filter paper carrier technique1 that allows for the culturing of chick embryos fully-submerged in a liquid culture medium.
08:45
Whole Organ Tissue Culture
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2023
Whole organs can be cultured ex vivo using specialized bioreactors with the goal of repairing or replacing entire organs. This method uses a donor organ that is stripped of all cells, leaving behind the three-dimensional structure, which is then repopulated with new cells. This video demonstrates the whole organ culture of lungs and shows how a dynamic culture that mimics the mechanical stimulation in the body is needed to induce native tissue properties.
05:47
Reaggregate Thymus Cultures
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Cited by 22 •
2008
In this video the preparation of 2-dGuo-treated reaggregate thymus cultures is demonstrated.
FAQs
Maintaining dissolved gases, temperature, pH, and osmolarity within controlled ranges helps preserve conditions in which developmental changes can be interpreted. These variables influence the culture environment alongside nutrient and signaling-factor availability. Regulating them lets researchers distinguish responses to experimental cues from changes caused by unstable growth conditions.
Periodic medium replacement or circulation serves two linked purposes: it helps sustain access to nutrients and signaling factors while removing accumulated waste. This maintenance is important during extended observation because the surrounding liquid must continue supporting viable samples. In developmental studies, consistent medium handling also improves comparability between experimental conditions over time.
Submerged culture provides a controlled format for manipulating the environment, while three-dimensional or organ culture models offer complementary ways to examine development. Its particular value is the ability to compare samples exposed to different conditions within a regulated liquid medium. Used alongside those models, it can connect controlled environmental tests with observations from other culture formats.
A basic workflow places the selected cells, tissue, embryo, or other sample beneath the medium, then maintains the culture while regulating dissolved gases, temperature, pH, and osmolarity. Researchers can replace or circulate the medium periodically and monitor developmental changes over time. This sequence supports controlled exposure to nutrients, signaling factors, and experimental cues.
Within developmental biology, the method can support analysis of tissue growth, morphogenesis, differentiation, and responses to experimental cues. Observing these outcomes over time allows investigators to examine how developmental patterns change under defined environmental conditions. The approach is therefore useful when the research question requires both developmental observation and deliberate manipulation of the surrounding culture environment.
Researchers can use submerged culture to compare treatments by changing the experimental cues presented to otherwise regulated samples. Differences in growth, morphogenesis, differentiation, or other observed developmental responses can then be related to those cues, provided the surrounding conditions remain controlled. This comparative design helps separate treatment-associated effects from variation in the culture environment.