Volta Potential Mapping
Volta Potential Mapping - Related Videos
08:13
Optical Mapping of Action Potentials and Calcium Transients in the Mouse Heart
0 Views •
Cited by 71 •
2011
This paper details the dissection procedure, instrumental setup, and experimental conditions during optical mapping of transmembrane potential (Vm) and intracellular calcium transient (CaT) in intact isolated Langendorff perfused mouse hearts.
09:26
Optical Mapping of Intra-Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+ and Transmembrane Potential in the Langendorff-perfused Rabbit Heart
0 Views •
Cited by 8 •
2015
This article describes the detailed protocol and equipment necessary for dual optical mapping of transmembrane potential (Vm) and free intra-sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ in the Langendorff-perfused rabbit heart. This method allows for direct observation and quantification of Vm and SR Ca2+ dynamics in the intact heart.
06:58
Fate Mapping
0 Views •
2023
Fate mapping is a technique used to understand how embryonic cells divide, differentiate, and migrate during development. In classic fate mapping experiments, cells in different areas of an embryo are labeled with a chemical dye and then tracked to determine which tissues or structures they form. Technological improvements now allow for individual cells to be marked and traced throughout embryonic development and adulthood. This video reviews the concepts behind fate mapping, and then details a...
11:03
Motor Maps
0 Views •
2023
Source: Laboratories of Jonas T. Kaplan and Sarah I. Gimbel—University of Southern California One principle of brain organization is the topographic mapping of information. Especially in sensory and motor cortices, adjacent regions of the brain tend to represent information from adjacent parts of the body, resulting in maps of the body expressed on the surface of the brain. The primary sensory and motor maps in the brain surround a prominent sulcus known as the central sulcus. The cortex...
06:50
Electric Potential
0 Views •
2023
Source: Yong P. Chen, PhD, Department of Physics & Astronomy, College of Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN Electric potential, also known as "voltage", measures the electric potential energy per unit charge. Electric field is a scalar quantity and is fundamental to many electrical effects. Like potential energy, what is physically meaningful is the difference in the electric potential. For example, the spatial variation in the electric potential is related to the electric...
FAQs
A conductive probe approaches and scans the material while an applied bias is adjusted to null the electrostatic force between the probe and sample. The voltage required for this force cancellation serves as the local potential value. Repeating this adjustment across the surface converts changing probe-sample conditions into a spatially resolved map of electrostatic potential.
Changes in the measured potential across a surface can indicate differences in surface composition, charge distribution, or electrochemical behavior. Because the technique records these differences spatially, engineers can associate localized potential features with material regions rather than relying only on an averaged measurement. This makes the maps useful for examining microscale or nanoscale nonuniformity.
Spatial resolution allows Volta potential mapping to distinguish localized variations that may be hidden in a bulk or area-averaged result. Nanoscale or microscale potential differences can reveal where surface conditions change, helping engineers relate specific regions to material performance, degradation, or reliability. The resulting map therefore adds location-specific information to surface analysis.
The measurement begins with a conductive probe and a material surface positioned for scanning. At each location, the applied bias is adjusted until the electrostatic force between probe and sample is nulled. The compensating voltage is then associated with that position, and repeated measurements across the surface produce a spatial map of local Volta potential.
A scanning Kelvin probe measurement requires a conductive probe, the material being examined, a reference electrode relationship, and an adjustable applied bias. The probe scans the surface while the bias is varied to cancel the electrostatic force. The resulting compensating voltage provides the local measurement used to construct the potential distribution.
Engineers apply these maps to evaluate corrosion, coatings, oxidation, semiconductor interfaces, and material defects. The measured potential distribution helps connect local surface differences with electrochemical behavior and with broader concerns such as performance, degradation, and reliability. This supports investigation of how surface conditions may vary across an engineered material or interface.