Cytotoxic Activity
Cytotoxic Activity - Related Videos
06:08
A Flow Cytometry-Based Cytotoxicity Assay for the Assessment of Human NK Cell Activity
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Cited by 57 •
2017
A flow cytometry-based method to quantitatively determine the cytotoxic activity of human natural killer cells is shown here.
10:14
Cell-based Flow Cytometry Assay to Measure Cytotoxic Activity
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Cited by 25 •
2013
This protocol describes a sensitive, cell-based cytotoxicity assay. By enumerating the decrease in frequency of live target CD4+ T cells in the presence of an increasing number of effector CD8+ T cells, this assay allows for the direct assessment of cytolytic activity of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells.
05:04
An In Vitro Assay for Studying the Cytotoxicity of Pre-Activated CD8+ T Cells against Cancer Cells
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2025
This video showcases an apoptosis assay in cancer cells induced by pre-activated effector T cells. By co-culturing these cells with cancer cells marked with fluorescent nuclei, a caspase-cleavable fluorogenic substrate is added. Apoptotic cancer cells will display a different color in their nuclei, leading to dual fluorescence. This dual fluorescence is indicative of cancer cells undergoing apoptosis.
09:09
High Throughput, Real-time, Dual-readout Testing of Intracellular Antimicrobial Activity and Eukaryotic Cell Cytotoxicity
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Cited by 5 •
2016
A high throughput, real-time assay was developed to simultaneously identify (1) eukaryotic cell-penetrant antimicrobials targeting an intracellular bacterial pathogen, and (2) assess eukaryotic cell cytotoxicity. A variation on the same technology was thereafter combined with digital dispensing technology to enable facile, high-resolution, dose-response, and two- and three-dimensional synergy studies.
11:31
Determining Optimal Cytotoxic Activity of Human Her2neu Specific CD8 T cells by Comparing the Cr51 Release Assay to the xCELLigence System
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Cited by 37 •
2012
The chromium release assay, a common assay for detecting cytotoxic T cell activity, has several limitations. Using antigen-specific CD8 T cells and the human breast cancer tumor line, SKBR3, in the present article, an impedance-based approach was examined for the capability of detecting cell killing.
FAQs
Immune-mediated killing can proceed through the release of perforin and granzymes or through engagement of death receptors on target cells. These routes provide distinct mechanisms for initiating apoptosis, allowing cytotoxic T lymphocytes and natural killer cells to damage infected or abnormal cells through more than one biological process.
Perforin and granzymes function as a linked release system in which perforin supports the action of granzymes against the target cell. Together, they provide one route by which cytotoxic immune cells initiate apoptosis. Studying this pathway helps researchers connect immune-cell activity with loss of target-cell survival.
Death-receptor engagement represents an alternative mechanism to the perforin and granzyme pathway. Rather than relying only on released cytotoxic molecules, the immune response can activate apoptosis through receptor interactions involving the target cell. Comparing these mechanisms helps clarify how immune cells produce cytotoxic effects under different experimental or disease-related conditions.
A cytotoxic activity measurement assesses how strongly immune cells, antibodies, or therapeutic compounds affect target-cell survival. The key outcome is whether target cells remain viable after exposure to the tested biological agent or treatment. This approach allows researchers to characterize killing effects and compare immune or treatment-related responses in disease studies.
In viral infection studies, changes in target-cell survival can indicate how effectively immune responses act against infected cells. Researchers can use these measurements to assess immune responses and examine host-pathogen interactions. The resulting information helps connect cell-mediated killing with the broader consequences of infection and the capacity of immune defenses to respond.
Cytotoxic activity provides a way to study immune responses relevant to vaccine development and cancer immunology, while also evaluating treatments designed to enhance or control cell-mediated killing. Researchers may examine immune cells, antibodies, or therapeutic compounds as sources of the effect. These comparisons support the characterization of potential strategies for modifying target-cell survival.