Intraperitoneal Xenograft
Intraperitoneal Xenograft - Related Videos
09:19
Intraperitoneal Injection into Adult Zebrafish
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Cited by 238 •
2010
We demonstrate intraperitoneal injection into adult zebrafish. We use a 10 μl NanoFil microsyringe controlled by a Micro4 controller and UltraMicroPump III. This demonstration includes the use of cold water as an anesthetic.
02:26
A Technique to Generate a Human PBMC-Engrafted Humanized Xenograft Mouse Model
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2025
This video demonstrates an assay to generate a humanized xenograft mouse model. An immunocompromised mouse is injected with cyclophosphamide to cause immune cell depletion. Patient-derived tumor cells mixed with human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in a hydrogel are subcutaneously injected into the mouse, forming a tumor with infiltrating T cells.
08:15
Minimally Invasive Establishment of Murine Orthotopic Bladder Xenografts
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Cited by 16 •
2014
The established technique to inoculate primary invasive orthotopic bladder cancer xenografts requires laparotomy and mobilization of the bladder. This procedure inflicts significant morbidity on the mice, is technically challenging and time-consuming. We therefore developed a high-precision, percutaneous approach utilizing ultrasound guidance.
03:21
Zebrafish Patient-Derived Xenograft (zPDX): A Cancer Model
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2023
This video describes the technique to create a zebrafish patient derived xenograft model. In the sample protocol, we assess the efficiency of the drugs Gemcitabine and Navitoclax on the pancreatic tumor xenograft model.
12:58
Expression of Exogenous Cytokine in Patient-derived Xenografts via Injection with a Cytokine-transduced Stromal Cell Line
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Cited by 2 •
2017
Described here is a method for producing exogenous cytokine in patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mice via weekly intraperitoneal injection of a cytokine-transduced stromal cell line. This method broadens the utility of PDX and provides the option for transient or sustained exogenous cytokine delivery in a multitude of PDX models.
FAQs
Grafted cells must first survive and establish within the peritoneal environment before the model can yield interpretable disease-related findings. Their subsequent growth may produce disseminated tumor deposits, which provide a living pattern of peritoneal spread for evaluation. Consequently, implantation success and later distribution are mechanistically linked to the quality of the model’s readouts.
The grafted cells develop within a living host rather than in isolation, so host tissue can influence how the disease appears and progresses. Species differences may also affect the relationship between the introduced cells and the surrounding environment. These factors help explain why findings from an intraperitoneal xenograft should be interpreted as host-influenced biological responses.
Disseminated tumor deposits provide evidence of how introduced tumor cells distribute within the peritoneal cavity and can support investigation of peritoneal spread. Their presence and characteristics can be examined through imaging, tissue analysis, or molecular measurements. Together, these readouts connect the visible disease pattern with structural and molecular information from the same living model.
Evaluation proceeds by determining whether the implanted cells survive and establish, followed by assessing any resulting tumor deposits. Researchers can use imaging to examine disease distribution, tissue analysis to study the grafted sites, and molecular measurements to characterize biological changes. These complementary approaches provide different levels of information about disease development and treatment effects.
Researchers use this approach when they need to study cancer biology, examine the effects of therapies in a living system, or investigate how tumors spread within the peritoneal cavity. Because the model can generate measurable deposits and treatment-related changes, it supports evaluation of both disease behavior and therapeutic response in a context that includes host tissues.
Treatment-related changes should be considered alongside the model’s host and species context. Imaging, tissue findings, and molecular measurements may reveal whether disease deposits or their biological features change after therapy, but those results also reflect interactions with the animal environment. This distinction helps researchers identify treatment effects while recognizing limits to direct clinical interpretation.