Reproductive Hormones
Reproductive Hormones - Related Videos
02:13
Types of Hormones
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2019
Hormones can be classified into three main types based on their chemical structures: steroids, peptides, and amines. Their actions are mediated by the specific receptors they bind to on target cells. Steroid hormones are derived from cholesterol and are lipophilic in nature. This allows them to readily traverse the lipid-rich cell membrane to bind to their intracellular receptors in the cytoplasm or nucleus. Once bound, the cytoplasmic hormone-receptor complex translocates to the nucleus.
07:48
Yeast Reproduction
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2023
Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a species of yeast that is an extremely valuable model organism. Importantly, S. cerevisiae is a unicellular eukaryote that undergoes many of the same biological processes as humans. This video provides an introduction to the yeast cell cycle, and explains how S. cerevisiae reproduces both asexually and sexually Yeast reproduce asexually through a process known as budding. In contrast, yeast sometimes participate in sexual reproduction, which is important because...
01:33
Hormonal Regulation
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2019
The renin-aldosterone system is an endocrine system which guides the renal absorption of water and electrolytes, thus managing blood pressure and osmoregulation. Activation of the system begins in the kidneys with a small cluster of cells adjacent to the afferent and efferent blood vessels of the renal corpuscle. As the nephrons are filtering blood, juxtaglomerular cells monitor blood pressure. If they detect a decrease in pressure, they release the hormone renin into the bloodstream.
07:59
Ultrasonography in Experimental Reproductive Investigations on Rats
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Cited by 6 •
2017
This manuscript describes the utility of ultrasound performed on female rats to design experimental models for reproductive and gynecological investigation. A step-by-step explanation of how to perform ultrasonographic evaluation is shown.
01:27
Reproductive Cloning
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2019
Reproductive cloning is the process of producing a genetically identical copy—a clone—of an entire organism. While clones can be produced by splitting an early embryo—similar to what happens naturally with identical twins—cloning of adult animals is usually done by a process called somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer In SCNT, an egg cell is taken from an animal and its nucleus is removed, creating an enucleated egg. Then a somatic cell—any cell that is not a sex...
FAQs
The hypothalamus initiates signaling by releasing gonadotropin-releasing hormone, which stimulates the pituitary gland to secrete luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone. These pituitary hormones act on the gonads, directing sex-steroid production and gamete development. This linked sequence connects central endocrine signals with reproductive processes rather than treating each hormone as an independent regulator.
Luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone both relay pituitary signals to the gonads, but the overview assigns them related, not identical, responsibilities within the reproductive system. Together, they direct gonadal production of sex steroids and support gamete development. Their coordinated activity helps connect hormonal regulation with fertility and reproductive function.
Estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone are sex steroids produced through gonadal activity and are relevant to reproductive function. Their clinical importance extends across sexual development, fertility, menstrual and sexual disorders, puberty, and menopause. Evaluating these hormones can therefore help place reproductive symptoms or developmental changes within the broader function of the endocrine reproductive system.
Human chorionic gonadotropin is associated with the placenta and provides a hormonal link to pregnancy. Its inclusion in clinical hormone evaluation helps distinguish pregnancy-related endocrine activity from other reproductive states. This makes it relevant when reproductive medicine addresses pregnancy, fertility assessment, or the interpretation of hormone measurements in relation to placental function.
Clinicians use reproductive hormone measurements to support evaluation of infertility, menstrual and sexual disorders, puberty, pregnancy, and menopause. The results are interpreted in relation to the hormone-producing organs and the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. This approach can help assess whether reproductive changes involve gonadal function, pituitary signaling, pregnancy-related activity, or another endocrine-related condition.
Hormone measurements and targeted therapies both contribute to reproductive care. Measurements can inform assessment before or during fertility-related evaluation, while targeted therapies support contraception and assisted reproduction. These applications demonstrate how knowledge of the axis, gonadal hormones, and pregnancy-associated signals can be translated into approaches for managing fertility and reproductive planning.