Valve Function Assessment
Valve Function Assessment - Related Videos
11:12
Protocol for Relative Hydrodynamic Assessment of Tri-leaflet Polymer Valves
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Cited by 5 •
2013
There has been renewed interest in developing polymer valves. Here, the objectives are to demonstrate the feasibility of modifying a commercial pulse duplicator to accommodate tri-leaflet geometries and to define a protocol to present polymer valve hydrodynamic data in comparison to native and prosthetic valve data collected under near-identical conditions.
01:22
Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management
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2025
IntroductionA range of clinical features characterizes Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP), but it is important to note that many individuals with MVP are asymptomatic and may remain so throughout their lives. For those who do exhibit symptoms, the following are the key clinical features:Palpitations: This is a common symptom where individuals feel an irregular or rapid heartbeat. Palpitations in MVP are often due to arrhythmias such as premature ventricular contractions or supraventricular tachycardia.
05:41
Non-invasive Assessment of Microvascular and Endothelial Function
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Cited by 12 •
2013
Capillaroscopy is a non-invasive, relatively inexpensive methodology for directly visualizing the microcirculation. The forearm blood flow technique provides accepted non-invasive measures of endothelial function.
07:25
Assessing Murine Resistance Artery Function Using Pressure Myography
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Cited by 18 •
2013
In pressure myography, an intact small segment of a vessel is mounted onto two small cannulas and pressurized to a suitable luminal pressure. Here, we describe the method to measure vasorelaxation response of the mouse 3rd order mesenteric arteries in c57 and sGCα1-/- mice using pressure myography.
12:03
Myocardial Infarction and Functional Outcome Assessment in Pigs
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Cited by 52 •
2014
This protocol describes the porcine myocardial infarction (MI) model using a 90 min closed-chest coronary balloon occlusion of the left anterior descending artery (LAD), followed by reperfusion. Furthermore, the protocol for several outcome parameters, such as cardiac function, hemodynamics, microvascular resistance, and infarct size, are also presented.
FAQs
Stenosis and regurgitation represent different valve abnormalities that assessment must distinguish. Stenosis is identified by a narrowed valve opening, whereas regurgitation reflects abnormal backward flow after closure. Because these findings affect forward and reverse blood movement differently, clinicians interpret valve motion and Doppler-derived flow measurements together rather than relying on a single observation. This distinction supports severity assessment and treatment planning.
Doppler ultrasound provides information about blood movement through a valve, while pressure-gradient measurements describe the pressure difference across it. Together, these findings help quantify the functional effect of a narrowed opening or abnormal flow. The measurements add objective information to two-dimensional imaging, allowing clinicians to estimate disease severity and compare findings during follow-up or after treatment.
Valve measurements gain clinical meaning when interpreted alongside symptoms and cardiac structure. Imaging and flow data may identify an abnormality, but the broader assessment helps determine how that abnormality relates to the patient's condition and whether it is progressing. This integrated approach supports decisions about continued surveillance, medical management, or consideration of valve repair or replacement.
The evaluation begins with two-dimensional echocardiographic imaging to examine valve motion and cardiac structure. Doppler ultrasound is then used to assess blood flow, identify backward flow, and measure pressure gradients across a valve. Clinicians integrate these observations with symptoms and other structural findings to identify stenosis or regurgitation, estimate severity, and establish a clinical plan.
Clinicians use this assessment when they need to identify valve disease, estimate its severity, or determine whether it is changing over time. It also helps evaluate the response to medical or procedural treatment. Depending on the combined findings, results may support routine surveillance, closer monitoring, or decisions involving valve repair or replacement.
Repeated evaluations can show whether valve disease is stable, progressing, or responding to treatment. Comparing valve motion, Doppler flow findings, and pressure gradients over time provides a structured way to monitor changes in stenosis or regurgitation. When these results are considered with symptoms and cardiac structure, they help inform the timing and direction of ongoing medical or procedural care.