Red Fluorophore

Red fluorophores are fluorescent molecules or protein-based tags that emit red light after absorbing energy, enabling specific structures or molecules to be visualized in biological samples. They work through excitation at a shorter wavelength, followed by relaxation to a lower energy state that releases part of the absorbed energy as longer-wavelength fluorescence. In neuroscience, red fluorophores label neurons, axons, synapses, and other cellular components for fluorescence microscopy, while genetically encoded or chemically attached probes can support measurements in living tissue. Their spectral properties help researchers combine labels, analyze neural organization, and, when linked to functional indicators, monitor neural activity with molecular specificity.

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Education

JoVE Core - Microbiology

Red Algae

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2025

Red algae, also known as rhodophytes, are primarily found in marine environments, though some species inhabit freshwater and terrestrial ecosystems. These organisms exist in both unicellular and multicellular forms, with some multicellular varieties reaching macroscopic sizes.As phototrophic organisms, red algae contain chlorophyll a; however, their chloroplasts lack chlorophyll b. Instead, they possess phycobiliproteins, which serve as major light-harvesting pigments, similar to those found in...

Research

JoVE Journal - Chemistry

Synthesis of pH Dependent Pyrazole, Imidazole, and Isoindolone Dipyrrinone Fluorophores using a Claisen-Schmidt Condensation Approach

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2021

The Claisen-Schmidt condensation reaction is an important methodology for the generation of methine-bridged conjugated bicyclic aromatic compounds. Through utilizing a base-mediated variant of the aldol reaction, a range of fluorescent and/or biologically relevant molecules can be accessed through a generally inexpensive and operationally simple synthetic approach.

Qualitative Identification of Carboxylic Acids, Boronic Acids, and Amines Using Cruciform Fluorophores

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2013

Cross-conjugated cruciform fluorophores based on 1,4-distyryl-2,5-bis(arylethynyl)benzene and benzobisoxazole nuclei can be used to qualitatively identify diverse Lewis acidic and Lewis basic analytes. This method relies on the differences in emission colors of the cruciforms that are observed upon analyte addition. Structurally closely related species can be distinguished from each other.

Measuring Deformability and Red Cell Heterogeneity in Blood by Ektacytometry

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Cited by 51 •

2018

Here we present techniques to measure red cell deformability and cellular heterogeneity by ektacytometry. These techniques are applicable to general investigations of red cell deformability and specific investigations of blood diseases characterized by the presence of both rigid and deformable red cells in circulation, such as sickle cell anemia.

Alizarin Red Staining: A Technique to Visualize Mineralization by Cultured Osteoblasts

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2025

This video demonstrates a staining technique for detecting the extent of mineralization or calcium deposition in cultured primary osteoblasts using Alizarin Red dye.

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