Pressure Transmission
Pressure Transmission - Related Videos
07:26
Synthesis and Microdiffraction at Extreme Pressures and Temperatures
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Cited by 5 •
2013
The laser heated diamond anvil cell combined with synchrotron micro-diffraction techniques allows researchers to explore the nature and properties of new phases of matter at extreme pressure and temperature (PT) conditions. Heterogeneous samples can be characterized in situ under high pressure by 2D mapping and combined powder, single-crystal and multigrain diffraction approaches.
09:17
Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy Tomography in Virology: 3D Imaging of High-pressure Frozen, Freeze-substituted Samples
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2025
This video protocol illustrates how to perform scanning transmission electron microscopy tomography of virological specimens. For optimal outcomes, samples are prepared by high-pressure freezing and subsequent freeze substitution.
12:52
Tandem High-pressure Freezing and Quick Freeze Substitution of Plant Tissues for Transmission Electron Microscopy
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Cited by 20 •
2014
Obtaining high-quality transmission electron microscopy images is challenging, especially in the case of plant cells, which have abundant large water-filled vacuoles and aerated spaces. Tandem high-pressure freezing and quick freeze substitution greatly reduce preparation time of plant samples for TEM while producing samples with excellent ultrastructural preservation.
06:01
Testing the Physiological Barriers to Viral Transmission in Aphids Using Microinjection
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Cited by 7 •
2008
Aphids are effective transmitters of plant viruses. Aphid microinjection of virus, the procedure we will show you today, is a technique allowing researchers to inject virus directly into the hemocoel of the aphid, bypassing the gut, one of the 2 major barriers for virus transmission in a circulative manner. The same technique is also used to inject dsRNA for RNAi.
02:34
Vapor Pressure
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2020
When a liquid vaporizes in a closed container, gas molecules cannot escape. As these gas phase molecules move randomly about, they will occasionally collide with the surface of the condensed phase, and in some cases, these collisions will result in the molecules re-entering the condensed phase. The change from the gas phase to the liquid is called condensation. When the rate of condensation becomes equal to the rate of vaporization, neither the amount of the liquid nor the amount of the vapor...
FAQs
The key mechanism is pressure acting equally in all directions. Once an applied pressure reaches a confined fluid, it does not travel only along the original line of force. Because the fluid cannot sustain shear stress while at rest, the pressure is passed through the fluid and also acts on the container walls, establishing equilibrium throughout the system.
In a hydraulic device, force multiplication comes from applying the same transmitted pressure to pistons with different areas. Since pressure equals force per unit area, the larger-area piston experiences a larger total force than the smaller-area piston under the same pressure. This relationship enables presses, lifts, jacks, and brakes to produce useful mechanical effects from an applied force.
Confinement allows an applied pressure to act within a fluid volume and against the surrounding container walls. In the static case, the fluid's inability to support shear stress means pressure acts equally in every direction. This condition explains how force applied at one location can influence surfaces elsewhere in the same hydraulic system while the fluid remains in equilibrium.
Begin by identifying the applied force and the area over which it acts, then express the input as pressure, force per unit area. Next, treat that pressure as transmitted through the confined fluid and apply it to the receiving piston area. Comparing the resulting forces shows whether the arrangement provides force multiplication and whether the system can remain in equilibrium.
Hydraulic presses, brakes, lifts, and jacks are practical uses because each can transfer an applied pressure to another piston and use piston area to alter the resulting force. The same principle supports analysis of how these machines respond to an input. In design, pressure transmission links the chosen areas with the desired mechanical effect and the requirement of equilibrium.
The most useful distinction is between pressure and total force. Pressure describes applied force relative to area, whereas the force produced on another surface depends on the transmitted pressure and that surface's area. This framework lets physics analysis predict how changing piston size affects force and connects fluid behavior with mechanical equilibrium in machines and other fluid-based systems.