Fractional Anisotropy
Fractional Anisotropy - Related Videos
03:41
Fluorescence Anisotropy-Based Detection of Protein-Protein Interactions
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2025
In this video, we describe the fluorescence anisotropy technique to study the interactions between the fluorophore-tagged Shwachman-diamond syndrome (SBDS) protein and the elongation factor-like 1 GTPase (EFL1). On incubating SBDS proteins with gradually increasing concentrations of EFL1, a steady increase in anisotropy is observed, indicating a successful interaction between the two proteins.
05:00
Fluorescence Anisotropy to Determine Transcription Factor-DNA Binding Affinity
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2025
This video describes high-performance fluorescence anisotropy that helps to monitor the interaction between transcription factors and DNA. The assay monitors the interactions of a fluorophore-labeled DNA molecule with its specific transcription factor by measuring the degree of polarization due to molecular rotation or anisotropy of the fluorophore-labeled DNA.
10:44
Fluorescence Anisotropy as a Tool to Study Protein-protein Interactions
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Cited by 37 •
2016
Protein interactions are at the heart of a cell's function. Calorimetric and spectroscopic techniques are commonly used to characterize them. Here we describe fluorescence anisotropy as a tool to study the interaction between the protein mutated in the Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome (SBDS) and the Elongation factor-like 1 GTPase (EFL1).
10:09
Fractional Distillation
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2023
Source: Laboratory of Dr. Nicholas Leadbeater — University of Connecticut Distillation is perhaps the most common laboratory technique employed by chemists for the purification of organic liquids. Compounds in a mixture with different boiling points separate into individual components when the mixture is carefully distilled. The two main types of distillation are "simple distillation" and "fractional distillation", and both are widely used in organic chemistry laboratories. Simple distillation...
07:57
Using the GELFREE 8100 Fractionation System for Molecular Weight-Based Fractionation with Liquid Phase Recovery
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Cited by 17 •
2009
The accompanying video describes the use of the GELFREE 8100 Fractionation System, which partitions complex protein samples on the basis of molecular weight and recovers the fractions in liquid phase. The video describes how the technology works, how it is used, and provides resultant data, with polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis of fractionated bovine liver homogenate.
FAQs
The tensor’s eigenvalues represent diffusion characteristics along its principal directions. Fractional anisotropy is derived from these values, so it increases when diffusion is more strongly concentrated along one direction and decreases when movement is more evenly distributed. This calculation allows researchers to summarize directional diffusion patterns numerically rather than relying only on visual inspection of an MRI image.
Fractional anisotropy is an indirect index, meaning its value reflects diffusion behavior rather than providing a complete, direct description of tissue organization. Consequently, a group difference or brain-behavior association cannot by itself identify the precise biological basis of that result. Researchers interpret FA alongside other imaging findings and behavioral measures to support more cautious conclusions.
A higher value indicates that water diffusion is more directionally constrained within the measured tissue, which can be consistent with stronger organization of a white-matter pathway. However, the value should not be interpreted in isolation as proof of a particular psychological function or condition. Its meaning depends on the neural pathway examined and the accompanying behavioral or clinical evidence.
Researchers acquire diffusion MRI measurements across multiple directions and use those data to estimate a diffusion tensor. They then calculate the tensor’s eigenvalues and derive the FA value from their directional pattern. The resulting measure can be mapped across white matter or extracted from selected neural pathways, enabling comparisons across participants, brain regions, or study groups.
Researchers can compare FA measurements across developmental stages or aging-related groups to characterize changes in white-matter organization over time. These comparisons help identify how neural pathways vary across the lifespan. Because FA is indirect, studies generally interpret such patterns together with other imaging measures and relevant cognitive, behavioral, or clinical assessments rather than assigning a single cause to the observed difference.
In psychology and neuroscience, FA can be related to cognition, behavior, and mental health while also characterizing specific neural pathways. For example, researchers may test whether variation in a pathway’s diffusion pattern corresponds with differences in behavioral or cognitive measures. Such analyses provide associations between white-matter microstructure and psychological outcomes, not definitive evidence that one produces the other.