Name: load matching in thevenin circuits
Uploaded: 2024-04-11T12:48:31.000Z
Duration: 1 min 16 s
Channel: JoVE

Pratik uygulamalarda, bir devre, bir kaynaktan bir yüke maksimum güç sağlamak için tasarlanmıştır.
Bir Thevenin eşdeğer devresi, doğrusal bir devrenin sağlayabileceği maksimum gücü belirleyebilir.
Verilen güç, yük direncinin ve akımın karesinin ürünüdür. Yük direnci değiştikçe değişir.
Gücü en üst düzeye çıkaran yük direnci değerini belirlemek için diferansiyel hesap kullanılır. Bu denklemi basitleştirmek, optimum yük direnci değerini sağlar.
Bu direnç değeri, gücün ikinci türevine ikame edilir ve negatif bir değerle sonuçlanır ve maksimum güç koşulunu doğrular.
Elde edilen direnç değeri, maksimum gücün hesaplanmasına izin verir. Yük direnci Thevenin direnciyle eşleşmezse, iletilen gerçek güç bu maksimumdan sapacaktır.
Maksimum Güç Transferi Teoremi'ne göre, en yüksek güç transferi, yük direnci Thevenin direnciyle eşleştiğinde gerçekleşir.
Bilinen değerlere sahip iki dirençle bağlı, bilinen parametrelerden oluşan bir pil düşünün. Pilin iç direncine uyan direnç maksimum gücü alır.

maksimum güç aktarımı

Telekomünikasyon gibi mühendislik disiplinlerindeki çok sayıda pratik uygulama, bağlı bir yüke güç dağıtımının optimize edilmesini gerektirir. Ancak bu arayış, yüke sağlanan güce eşit veya daha fazla olabilen doğal dahili kayıplara neden olur. Thevenin eşdeğer devresi, doğrusal bir devrenin bir yüke sağlayabileceği maksimum gücü bulmada yardımcı olur. Bu bağlamda yük direncinin ayarlanabileceği varsayılmaktadır.

Figure 1'de gösterildiği gibi yükü korurken tüm devreyi Thevenin eşdeğeri ile değiştirerek,

<img alt="Figure1" src="/files/ftp_upload/15055/15055_PT_Figure_1.svg" style="text-align: center; height: 140px;" />

Figure 1: Maksimum güç aktarımı için kullanılan devre

yüke iletilen güç şu şekilde verilir:

<img alt="Equation1" src="/files/ftp_upload/15055/15055_PT_Equation_1.svg" style="text-align: center; height: 40px;" />.................(1)

Belirli bir devre için Thevenin eşdeğer direnci ve voltajı sabittir. Yük direnci ile yüke iletilen gücün değişimi, yük direncinin küçük veya büyük değerleri için küçüktür, ancak sıfır ile sonsuz arasındaki bazı yük direnci değerleri için maksimumdur. Maksimum güç, yük direnci aşağıdaki gibi ifade edilen Thevenin direncine eşit olduğunda ortaya çıkar:

<img alt="Equation2" src="/files/ftp_upload/15055/15055_PT_Equation_2.svg" style="text-align: center; height: 14px;" />.................(2)

Bu, maksimum güç aktarım teoremi olarak bilinir. Denklem 1 ve 2 kullanılarak aktarılan maksimum güç ifadesi elde edilir ve şu şekilde ifade edilir:

<img alt="Equation3" src="/files/ftp_upload/15055/15055_PT_Equation_3.svg" style="text-align: center; height: 40px;" />..................(3)

Bu Denklem yalnızca Denklem 2 geçerli olduğunda geçerlidir, aksi takdirde yüke iletilen güç Denklem 1 kullanılarak belirlenir.

Maksimum Güç Aktarımı

Pratik uygulamalarda, bir devre, bir kaynaktan bir yüke maksimum güç sağlamak için tasarlanmıştır.
Bir Thevenin eşdeğer devresi maksimum değeri belirleyebilir ...

Education

JoVE Core

Electrical Engineering

Elektrik Mühendisliği

Unit 1

Ünite 1

DC Circuit Analysis

Doğru Akım (DA) Devre Analizi

KEY TERMS AND CONCEPTS

TEMEL TERİMLER VE KAVRAMLAR

Maximum Power Transfer

load matching in thevenin circuits

Load matching in Thevenin circuits helps a source deliver the most power to a connected load. This matters in engineering fields such as telecommunications, where power delivery must be optimized. Even then, internal losses can be significant and may equal or exceed the power sent to the load.

The Thevenin equivalent circuit is a useful way to study this situation. It replaces the full linear circuit with a simpler source and resistance while keeping the load in place. In this setup, the load resistance is assumed to be adjustable, so the power delivered to it can be tested across different values.

For a fixed circuit, the Thevenin equivalent voltage and resistance do not change. The load power changes only a little when the load resistance is very small or very large. It reaches a maximum at one value between zero and infinity.

The maximum power occurs when the load resistance equals the Thevenin resistance. This condition is called the maximum power transfer theorem. Using the load-power equation and this matching rule, the maximum transferred power can be found. If the matching condition is not met, the load power is determined from the general power equation instead.

Load Matching in Thevenin Circuits

nodal analysis

Using Node Voltages in Circuit Analysis

Nodal analysis uses node voltages to simplify circuit analysis. In this method, the voltage at each node becomes the main variable. Once those voltages are known, they can be used to find other values, such as the current through specific circuit parts. The process begins by choosing a reference node, also called a datum node. This node is selected for convenience and assigned a voltage of zero. The other nodes, called non-reference nodes, are then measured relative to that point. In the...

nodal analysis with voltage sources

Supernode Equations in Nodal Analysis

Nodal analysis uses node voltages and Kirchhoff’s laws to solve circuits with voltage sources. It is a systematic method for breaking a complex circuit into smaller parts that are easier to analyze. In this example, the circuit includes four resistors and two voltage sources. One voltage source is connected between a non-reference node and the reference node. In that case, the non-reference node voltage can be written directly as the source voltage. This removes one unknown and makes the...

mesh analysis

Mesh Currents for Circuit Analysis

Mesh currents give students a simpler way to analyze planar circuits. In mesh analysis, the unknowns are currents, not voltages. The method uses Kirchhoff's voltage law, or KVL, to build the equations needed to solve the circuit. A mesh is a closed loop in a circuit that does not contain any smaller loops inside it. Each independent mesh is assigned a mesh current, and this current is usually drawn in the clockwise direction. These mesh currents are used as the main circuit variables during...

mesh analysis with current sources

Current Sources in Mesh Circuit Analysis

Current sources make mesh circuit analysis easier because they can reduce the number of equations needed. This applies to both independent and dependent current sources. The method depends on where the current source is placed in the circuit. When a current source appears in only one mesh, the setup is simple. Assign mesh currents as usual, but leave out the mesh that contains the current source from the equation process. Then apply Kirchhoff's voltage law, or KVL, to the remaining mesh to get...

source transformation

Circuit Source Equivalents

Circuit source equivalents make it easier to simplify electrical circuits in circuit analysis. A source transformation replaces a voltage source in series with a resistor by a current source in parallel with a resistor, or it replaces a current source in parallel with a resistor by a voltage source in series with a resistor. The key idea is that the equivalent resistance at the circuit terminals stays the same when the original sources are turned off. When making the change, the current source...

linear circuits

Circuit Linearity and Resistor Behavior

Circuit linearity describes how a circuit responds when its input changes. A linear circuit has an output that is directly proportional to its input. This behavior follows two rules: homogeneity and additivity. Homogeneity means that if the input, or excitation, is multiplied by a constant factor, the response is multiplied by the same factor. For example, if the current is increased by a constant k, the voltage also increases by k times. Additivity means that the response to a sum of inputs...

superposition theorem

Analyzing Circuits with Superposition

Superposition is a circuit analysis method for linear circuits with more than one independent source. It lets you find the voltage across or current through an element by adding the separate effects of each source acting alone. To use superposition, keep one independent source active and turn off the others. A voltage source is replaced by a short circuit, and a current source is replaced by an open circuit. Then calculate the output from the single active source. Repeat the process for each...

thevinin's theorem

Thevenin Circuit Equivalents

Thevenin circuit equivalents simplify linear two-terminal circuits by replacing the fixed part of a network with one equivalent source and one resistor. This method is useful when a circuit has a fixed section and a load that can change. A household electrical outlet is a familiar example, because different appliances can be plugged in or removed. Each change in load can require a new circuit analysis, so an equivalent circuit makes the work easier. Thevenin's theorem states that a linear...

norton's theorem

Norton Equivalent Circuit in DC Analysis

Norton equivalent circuit in DC analysis shows how a linear two-terminal circuit can be replaced by a simpler network. The replacement uses a current source, called I_N, in parallel with a resistor, called R_N. I_N is the short-circuit current through the terminals, and R_N is the input or equivalent resistance seen at the terminals when the independent sources are turned off. To find Norton's resistance, all independent sources in the circuit are set to zero. The resistance measured at the...

maximum power transfer

Load matching in Thevenin circuits helps a source deliver the most power to a connected load. This matters in engineering fields such as telecommunications, where power delivery must be optimized. Even then, internal losses can be significant and may equal or exceed the power sent to the load. The Thevenin equivalent circuit is a useful way to study this situation. It replaces the full linear circuit with a simpler source and resistance while keeping the load in place. In this setup, the load...

design example: strain gauge bridge or wheatstone bridge

design-example-strain-gauge-bridge-or-wheatstone-bridge

Wheatstone Bridge Output for Strain Gauge Design

A strain gauge and Wheatstone bridge work together to turn mechanical strain into an electrical signal. In engineering, this setup is often used to measure force or pressure. Each part of the bridge has a resistance that changes slightly when strain is applied. The main goal is to turn a very small voltage output into a larger, easier-to-read signal. A voltmeter can then measure that output more clearly. To do this, an engineer designs the strain gauge circuit and figures out how much...

key terms and concepts

Learn how Thevenin equivalent circuits predict maximum power transfer when load resistance matches Thevenin resistance in linear circuits.

Load Matching in Thevenin Circuits | JoVE K12

JoVE Core Elektrik Mühendisliği, devre analizi teknikleriyle birlikte elektrik devrelerinin temel kavramlarını kapsayan, anlaşılması kolay animasyonlu videolar sunar. Operasyonel amplifikatörler ve devre dönüşümü kavramlarını kullanarak birinci dereceden ve ikinci dereceden devreleri içerir. Pratik tasarım örneklerinin ve gerçek dünya uygulamalarının bilim insanlarınca hazırlanan videolar aracılığıyla dahil edilmesi, karmaşık kavramları erişilebilir hale getirerek önemli bir eğitim değeri katmaktadır.

electrical engineering

Load Matching in Thevenin Circuits

Description

Transcript

Tags