Equal Channel Angular Extrusion
Equal Channel Angular Extrusion - Related Videos
09:33
Angular Momentum
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2023
Source: Nicholas Timmons, Asantha Cooray, PhD, Department of Physics & Astronomy, School of Physical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA Angular momentum is defined as the product of the moment of inertia and the angular velocity of the object. Like its linear analog, angular momentum is conserved, meaning that the total angular momentum of a system will not change if there are no external torques on the system. A torque is the rotational equivalent of a force. Because it is a...
10:22
Demonstration of the Power Law Model Through Extrusion
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2023
Source: Kerry M. Dooley and Michael G. Benton, Department of Chemical Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA Polymer melts are often formed into simple shapes or "extrudates", such as cylindrical pellets, flat sheets, or pipe, using an extruder.1 Polyolefins are among the most common extrudable polymers. Extrusion involves transporting and melting solid feed, which is sometimes mixed with non-polymeric materials, and the pressure build-up and transport of the melt or mixture.
09:39
Live Imaging of Cell Extrusion from the Epidermis of Developing Zebrafish
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Cited by 20 •
2011
Dying cells are extruded from epithelial tissues by concerted contraction of neighboring cells without disrupting barrier function. The optical clarity of developing zebrafish provides an excellent system to visualize extrusion in living epithelia. Here we describe methods to induce and image extrusion in the larval zebrafish epidermis at cellular resolution.
01:15
One-Way ANOVA: Equal Sample Sizes
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2023
One-Way ANOVA can be performed on three or more samples with equal or unequal sample sizes. When one-way ANOVA is performed on two datasets with samples of equal sizes, it can be easily observed that the computed F statistic is highly sensitive to the sample mean. Different sample means can result in different values for the variance estimate: variance between samples. This is because the variance between samples is calculated as the product of the sample size and the variance between the...
01:30
Electric Field of Two Equal and Opposite Charges
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2023
Atoms generally contain the same number of positively and negatively charged particles, protons, and electrons. Hence, they are electrically neutral. However, the centers of the positive and negative charges do not always coincide. In such a scenario, the electric field of an atom may not be zero. A separation of the positive and negative charges can lead to a weak, remnant effect of the positive and negative charges. The expectation is that the more the distance between the positive and...
FAQs
The equal cross sections allow the billet to pass through the die while preserving its overall cross-sectional dimensions to a substantial degree. This makes it possible to impose severe plastic deformation without relying primarily on reduction in section size. For engineering applications, the approach separates microstructural modification from major dimensional change, which supports property development in bulk material.
As the billet crosses the angular junction, intense shear subjects its internal structure to substantial plastic deformation. That deformation refines the grain structure, creating a basis for changes in mechanical behavior. Grain refinement is therefore the key microstructural link between the imposed processing strain and the resulting increases in properties such as strength and hardness.
Repeated passes accumulate additional strain in the billet, extending the effects produced during a single passage through the angular junction. Greater accumulated strain can promote further grain refinement and strengthen the resulting property changes. In materials engineering, pass repetition provides a way to tailor the extent of microstructural refinement rather than relying on one deformation step alone.
A typical sequence begins with placing a billet into a pressing system aligned with two intersecting channels of equal cross section. Pressure drives the billet through the channels, and shear occurs at their junction. The billet may then undergo additional passes to accumulate strain, after which engineers evaluate changes in grain structure and mechanical properties.
The essential setup includes a bulk billet, a die containing two intersecting channels with equal cross sections, and a pressing arrangement capable of driving the billet through the angular junction. These components must work together to generate the intended shear deformation while maintaining the billet’s general cross-sectional dimensions, enabling controlled processing of engineering materials.
Engineers may select Equal Channel Angular Extrusion when they want to modify the microstructure and mechanical properties of a bulk metal or another material without significantly altering its cross-sectional dimensions. The method is especially relevant for developing high-performance alloys, investigating deformation behavior, and tailoring material performance for advanced manufacturing applications.
Post-processing evaluation can focus on grain-structure refinement and associated changes in strength and hardness. Ductility may also change, and the overview indicates that it can sometimes improve rather than decline. Comparing these outcomes across processing conditions or numbers of passes helps researchers connect accumulated deformation with the mechanical response of the engineered material.