Yield Stress
Yield Stress - Related Videos
01:25
Yield Criteria for Ductile Materials under Plane Stress
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2024
In designing structural elements and machine parts using ductile materials, it is crucial to ensure that these components withstand applied stresses without yielding. Yielding is initially determined through a tensile test, which evaluates the material's response to uniaxial stress. However, tensile stress is insufficient when components face biaxial or plane stress conditions This condition requires advanced criteria to predict failure. The Maximum Shearing Stress Criterion, also known as the...
01:31
ATP Yield
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2019
Cellular respiration produces 30 - 32 ATP per glucose molecule. Although most of the ATP results from oxidative phosphorylation and the electron transport chain (ETC), 4 ATP are gained beforehand (2 from glycolysis and 2 from the citric acid cycle). The ETC is embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane and is comprised of four main protein complexes and an ATP synthase. NADH and FADH2 pass electrons to these complexes, which pump protons into the intermembrane space. This distribution of...
02:22
Reaction Yield
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2020
The theoretical yield of a reaction is the amount of product estimated to form based on the stoichiometry of the balanced chemical equation. The theoretical yield assumes the complete conversion of the limiting reactant into the desired product. The amount of product that is obtained by performing the reaction is called the actual yield, and it may be less than or (very rarely) equal to the theoretical yield. Percent Yield In the case of chemical reactions, the actual yield of the product is...
01:24
Bond Yields and the Yield Curve: Putting It All Together
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2026
Bond yields and the yield curve are fundamental components of fixed-income markets, influencing investment decisions, economic policies, and financial conditions. Bond yields reflect the annual return an investor can expect from holding a bond until maturity. Prevailing interest rates, bond prices, and credit risk influence these yields. Since bond prices and yields move inversely, a rise in bond prices results in lower yields, while a decline in bond prices leads to higher yields.The yield...
14:53
Stress-Strain Characteristics of Aluminum
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2023
Source: Roberto Leon, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA Aluminum is one of the most abundant materials in our lives, as it is omnipresent in everything from soda cans to airplane components. Its widespread use is relatively recent (1900AD), primarily because aluminum does not occur in its free state, but rather in combination with oxygen and other elements, often in the form of Al2O3. Aluminum was originally obtained from bauxite mineral deposits...
FAQs
The material shifts from predominantly recoverable deformation to permanent strain or sustained flow. In solids, dislocation motion can produce plastic strain, while yield-stress fluids begin continuous flow. This transition matters because removing the load may no longer restore the original shape, affecting dimensional accuracy, structural serviceability, and the useful operating range of an engineered component.
In many solids, the threshold separates elastic response from plastic deformation, with mechanisms such as dislocation motion governing the change. In yield-stress fluids, the corresponding transition separates a largely nonflowing condition from continuous flow. The distinction determines whether engineers focus on permanent shape change in a solid or controlled movement of a paint, paste, slurry, concrete, or drilling fluid.
It links applied loading to whether a material can retain its intended form during service. Loads kept within the elastic range generally allow substantial shape recovery, whereas higher stresses can produce lasting strain or flow. Engineers therefore use the value to establish load limits, evaluate structural performance, and reduce the risk of deformation that compromises function or reliability.
Engineers determine yield stress through mechanical testing for solid materials or rheological testing for materials that flow. The test applies relevant stresses and identifies the point associated with permanent deformation or the onset of continuous flow. Selecting the appropriate testing approach connects the measured threshold to the material's expected behavior in structures, forming operations, or fluid-handling systems.
Yield stress data helps compare candidate materials against expected loads, service conditions, and manufacturing requirements. A suitable material must withstand intended stresses without unacceptable permanent deformation, while also responding appropriately during forming or processing. This information supports choices for structural components as well as products and systems containing paints, pastes, slurries, concrete, or drilling fluids.
During forming, the value helps engineers relate applied stress to the onset of plastic deformation and assess manufacturability. In fluid-handling applications, it indicates the stress needed to initiate movement in materials such as concrete or drilling fluids. Using these measurements improves process control and helps design systems that operate within intended load, flow, and reliability requirements.