Treg Differentiation
Treg Differentiation - Related Videos
15:33
Adenoviral Transduction of Naive CD4 T Cells to Study Treg Differentiation
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Cited by 7 •
2013
Adenoviral gene transfer into naive CD4 T cells with transgenic expression of the Coxsackie adenovirus receptor enables the molecular analysis of regulatory T cell differentiation in vitro.
08:20
In Vitro Differentiation of Human CD4+FOXP3+ Induced Regulatory T Cells (iTregs) from Naïve CD4+ T Cells Using a TGF-β-containing Protocol
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Cited by 24 •
2016
This protocol describes the reproducible generation and phenotyping of human induced regulatory T cells (iTregs) from naïve CD4+ T cells in vitro. Different protocols for FOXP3 induction allow for the study of specific iTreg phenotypes obtained with respective protocols.
12:59
Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of Naïve CD4 T Lymphocytes
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Cited by 33 •
2013
With effector functions distinct from other T cell subsets, Th17 cells have been centrally implicated in inflammatory autoimmunity. This in vitro Th17 differentiation protocol provides a means to determine whether naïve CD4+ T lymphocytes can differentiate into Th17 cells, and to further examine their role in autoimmunity and host response.
07:12
Mouse Naïve CD4+ T Cell Isolation and In vitro Differentiation into T Cell Subsets
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Cited by 71 •
2015
Naïve CD4+ T cells polarize to various subsets depending on the environment at the time of activation. The differentiation of naïve CD4+ T cells to various effector subsets can be achieved in vitro through the addition of T cell receptor stimuli and specific cytokine signals.
05:14
Differentiating Immortalized Multipotent Otic Progenitors into Spiral Ganglion Neurons and Evaluating the Differentiation
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2025
The video demonstrates the differentiation of immortalized multipotent otic progenitors (iMOPs) into spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) and immunofluorescence-based confirmation of the differentiation. The iMOPs are plated onto culture substrate-coated coverslips in a neuronal differentiation medium for differentiation into SGNs. The differentiated cells are labeled with antibodies specific for neuronal differentiation markers and analyzed under a microscope to confirm differentiation.
FAQs
Treg differentiation depends on the combined effect of T-cell receptor signaling and cytokine cues rather than on a single input. Interleukin-2 and transforming growth factor beta provide important environmental signals that support the regulatory program, including FoxP3 expression. This signal integration helps precursor T cells acquire features associated with immune suppression and tolerance.
FoxP3 is a central transcription factor associated with the regulatory state acquired during Treg differentiation. Its expression marks a shift toward regulatory features that enable these cells to suppress immune responses. Examining FoxP3 alongside other regulatory characteristics helps immunology researchers evaluate whether precursor T cells have entered a functional regulatory program.
Treg differentiation can occur in the thymus or in peripheral tissues, placing the process in both developmental and tissue environments. This distinction matters because regulatory cells can arise during immune development or in tissues exposed to local immune conditions. Comparing these settings helps researchers study how tolerance and immune control are established across the body.
During pathogen exposure, the immune system must respond effectively while limiting excessive inflammation and tissue damage. Treg differentiation is relevant because it contributes to the regulatory capacity that restrains immune responses. Studying this process during infection and recovery can clarify how immune activity is balanced, particularly when inflammation must subside without losing appropriate immune control.
Research commonly considers Treg differentiation in relation to pathogen exposure, inflammation, and recovery. These settings allow investigators to examine how regulatory cells develop while immune responses are active or resolving. The resulting context helps connect cellular differentiation with broader questions about self-tolerance, control of tissue damage, and the restoration of immune balance.
Investigating Treg differentiation provides a basis for studying autoimmune disease, chronic infection, and transplantation, where immune regulation and tolerance are important. It also supports research into therapies designed to modulate immune tolerance. By examining how regulatory features develop, researchers can relate cellular mechanisms to conditions in which immune responses require strengthening, limitation, or rebalancing.